24. Variation and Selection

Question 1

How many alleles in a gene pool?

Answer 1

2N, where N is the number of individuals in the population

Question 2

How are genotype and phenotype frequencies determined?

Answer 2

The amount of individuals with a genotype/phenotype divided by the total number of individuals

Question 3

How is the allele frequency determined?

Answer 3

The number of a certain allele divided by the total number of alleles

Question 4

How can you find the frequency of allele A?

Answer 4

The frequency of AA + 1/2 the frequency of Aa

Question 5

What 5 assumptions are required for Hardy-Weinbergs law to be accurate?

Answer 5

The population is assumed to be infinite
No mutations appear
Mating is random
No migration occurs
Genotypes do not have an impact on fitness

Question 6

What is Hardy-Weinberg’s law?

Answer 6

The frequencies of alleles and genotypes will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences

Question 7

Frequency of AA zygotes?

Answer 7

p^2

Question 8

Frequency of Aa zygotes?

Answer 8

pq

Question 9

Frequency of aa zygotes?

Answer 9

q^2

Question 10

Why are specific loci selected for CODIS?

Answer 10

They are unlinked, highly variable, and are in HWE

Question 11

Genetic drift

Answer 11

Sampling error that causes changes in allele frequency from one generation to the next