Exam Prep 2

Question 1

Acrocentric

Answer 1

Centromere is towards one end, one shorter arm and one longer arm

Question 2

Telomeric

Answer 2

Centromere is on the very end, practically no p arms

Question 3

Submetacentric

Answer 3

Centromere is nearly in the center, slightly shorter and longer arms

Question 4

Metacentric

Answer 4

Centromere is in the center of the chromosome

Question 5

What does hemizygosity in a male imply?

Answer 5

The trait is X-linked

Question 6

What does a haploid number determine?

Answer 6

How many chromosomes are present in gametes

Question 7

What does a diploid number determine?

Answer 7

The amount of chromosomes in a somatic cell

Question 8

Explain how it looks….

Mitosis, prophase

Answer 8

Sister chromatids are free-floating in nucleus, centrosomes are present

Question 9

Explain how it looks….

Mitosis, metaphase

Answer 9

Centrosomes are located at opposite poles of the cell, attached to chromosomes via kinetochores at the centomeres. The sister chromatids are lined up along the metaphase plate in the center of the cell

Question 10

Explain how it looks….

Mitosis, anaphase

Answer 10

The sister chromatids are pulled apart via the kinetochore towards opposite poles of the cell.

Question 11

Explain how it looks….

Meiosis, prophase I

Answer 11

Homologous chromosomes are existing freely in the nucleus and partaking in crossover

Question 12

Explain how it looks….

Meiosis, prophase II

Answer 12

Sister chromatids are condensed and floating freely in the nucleus

Question 13

Explain how it looks….

Meiosis, metaphase I

Answer 13

Homologous chromosomes are aligned along the metaphase plate. Sister chromatids are attached via chiasmata with each one being attached to an opposite pole of the cell

Question 14

Explain how it looks….

Meiosis, metaphase II

Answer 14

Sister chromatids are aligned in the middle of the cell, attached to microtubules via their kinetochores

Question 15

Explain how it looks….

Meiosis, anaphase I

Answer 15

The homologous chromosomes are released, sister chromatids are pulled to each side of the cell

Question 16

Explain how it looks….

Meiosis, anaphase II

Answer 16

The sister chromatids are separated, each individual chromosome is pulled to opposite sides of the cell