(27) Hypersensitivity I

Question 1

(HYPERSENSITIVTY)

1. Disorders in which the immune response occurs in an excessive manner due to what?
2. What type of sensitivity involved IgE? IgG?
3. What type is mediated by T-cells (and not antibodies)?

Answer 1

1. foreign antigens

(not to be confused with autoimmunity in which the immune system responds to self-antigens)

2. type 1; type 1 and 2
3. Type 4

Question 2

Type 1 hypersensitivity are the same what?

Answer 2

allergies

Question 3

(Type 1)

1. a true what?
2. Occurs upon exposure to what that results in a what?
3. referred to as what?
4. What antibody is required to be considered an allergy?
5. What do IgE antibodies bind to? What does this result in? Once an allergen does what?

Answer 3

1. allergy
2. foreign antigen (allergen) that results in an immediate physiological response (within minutes)
3. allergic response
4. IgE
5. mast cells; relase of pro-inflammatory components; binds and crosslinks the IgE antibodies

Question 4

(type 1)

1. what is initial stimulation of T and B cells called?

(Immune system components)

2. what stimulates B cells? to produce what?
3. What is and individual who makes high levels of IgE antibodies in rxn to specific allergen referred to as?
4. IgE antibodies bind to what?

Answer 4

1. sensitization
2. T helper cells (Cd4, Th2); high levels of IgE antibody
3. and atopic individual (atopy)
4. mast cells

Question 5

(type 1)

1. Mast cells are from what lineage?
2. Where do they reside? Do they circulate?
3. What are two kinds of mast cells (based on location)?
4. Where do connective tissue mast cells hang out?
5. mucosal mast cells?

Answer 5

1. myeloid lineage
2. tissues, no
3. connective tissue mast cells and mucosal mast cells
4. near blood vessels or skin
5. lungs or gut

Question 6

(type 1)

(Mast Cells)

1. What results in mast cell activation? what gets released?
2. What receptor does mast cell use to bid IgE?
3. Over what time range does this occur?
4. What occurs due to immediate response (cosmetically) - late phase?

Answer 6

1. IgE crosslinking by an allergen; release of numerous pro-inflammatory factors
2. FCE(epsilon)R1
3. there are two acute responses - immediate (seconds-minutes) and late phase (hours) - (look at chart on bottom left and be familiar with what is released and when)
4. wheal (histamine); flare (due to cytokine release)

(MAKE SURE YU LOOK AT THIS SLIDE CAUSe I THINK I HAVE THE TIME FRAME A LITTLE CONFUSED)

Question 7

(type 1)

1. The consequences of an allergic response depends on what two things?
2. What is an example of a chronic response (months/years) in type 1 sensitivity?

Answer 7

1. allergen dose and route of entry

(+ look at chart)

2. asthma

Question 8

(type 1)

look at this slide (don’t learn specific types under atopic!)

1. in an environment where you are exposed to more infections - what kind of response will you get?
2. In a environment that is sparkly clean?
3. Why are IgG prefereable to IgE in stopping allergies?

Answer 8

1. Th1
2. Th2
3. IgG don’t bind to mast cells