41

Question 1

1. An outbreak of jaundice occurs in several young children who attend the same day care center. If the outbreak was caused by a virus, which one of the following is the most likely cause?
(A) Hepatitis A virus
(B) Hepatitis B virus
(C) Hepatitis C virus
(D) Hepatitis D virus

Answer 1

a

Question 2

2. Regarding hepatitis A virus (HAV), which one of the following statements is most accurate?
   (A) The HAV vaccine contains live, attenuated virus as the immunogen.
   (B) The screening of blood for transfusion has greatly reduced the spread of this virus.
   (C) The diagnosis is typically made by serologic tests rather than by culturing the virus.
   (D) Multiple episodes of hepatitis A are common because it has three serotypes.
   (E) It has a segmented, negative-polarity, single-stranded RNA genome and an RNA polymerase in the virion.

Answer 2

c

Question 3

3. A woman who is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) negative has just given birth. Which one of the following is the most appropriate thing to do for the newborn?
   (A) Nothing. The child is protected against hepatitis B.
   (B) Immunize with the vaccine containing HBsAg (HBV
   vaccine).
   (C) Give hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin (HBIG). (D) Give both the HBV vaccine and HBIG.

Answer 3

d

Question 4

4. Regarding hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the disease hepatitis B, which one of the following is most accurate?
   (A) The most reliable indicator that a person can transmit HBV is the presence of HBsAg in the blood.
   (B) HBV has a circular, partially double-stranded DNA as its genome and has a DNA polymerase in the virion.
   (C) Healthcare personnel who sustain a needle-stick injury while taking blood from a person with hepatitis B should receive acyclovir.
   (D) HBV infection induces antibody to HBcAg (core antigen), which protects the person from a second attack by the same strain of HBV.
   (E) A person in the “window period” can be diagnosed as having been infected by HBV if antibody to the surface antigen (HBsAg) is present.

Answer 4

b

Question 5

5. Regarding hepatitis C virus (HCV), which one of the following is most accurate?
   (A) Chronic infection with HCV predisposes to hepatocellular carcinoma.
   (B) HCV is a defective virus that requires concurrent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in order to replicate.
   (C) Chronic infection with HCV occurs less frequently than chronic infection with HBV.
   (D) The killed vaccine against HCV is poorly immunogenic, so booster doses must be given at least every 5 years.
   (E) Proper sewage disposal has significantly decreased the inci- dence of hepatitis C.

Answer 5

a

Question 6

6. Regarding hepatitis D virus (HDV), which one of the following is most accurate?
   (A) Alpha interferon can eradicate the latent state established by HDV.
   (B) Immunization against hepatitis B virus (HBV) will reduce the incidence of hepatitis caused by HDV.
   (C) HDV has DNA as its genome and an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in the virion.
   (D) The laboratory diagnosis of HDV infection is made by grow- ing HDV in cells coinfected with HBV.
   (E) Many HDV infections occur in young children in the diaper stage in day care centers because the virus is transmitted pri- marily by the fecal-oral route.

Answer 6

b

Question 7

7. Your patient is a 35-year-old man who complains that the whites of his eyes have turned yellow. After taking a history and doing a physical, you order serologic tests to determine whether he has viral hepatitis. On the basis of the results, you tell him that he has a mild form of hepatitis that does not cause long-term damage to the liver. Your conclusion is based on a positive result on which one of the following tests?
(A) Antibody to hepatitis C virus
(B) Hepatitis B surface antigen
(C) Hepatitis delta antigen
(D) IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus

Answer 7

d

Question 8

8. Your patient is a 20-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis B that was diagnosed by detecting hepatitis B antigen in her blood more than 6 months after her acute infection. Which one of the follow- ing is the best choice of drug to treat her chronic hepatitis B?
   (A) Acyclovir (B) Foscarnet (C) Entecavir (D) Ritonavir (E) Zidovudine

Answer 8

c

Question 9

9. Your patient is a 27-year-old man with a history of intravenous drug use who now is diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C. He is HIV antibody negative. Which one of the following is the best choice of drugs to treat his chronic hepatitis C?
(A) Acyclovir and foscarnet
(B) Ganciclovir and enfuvirtide
(C) Sofosbuvir and velpatasvir
(D) Zidovudine and lamivudine
(E) Tenofovir and simiprevir

Answer 9

c