6.1 Technological develop effects

Question 1

mass production definiton

Answer 1

-is the large scale. highly mechanised industrial production of products

Question 2

why is there mass production

Answer 2

it has resulted in the development of a ‘consumer society’ in which the majority of the population are eager to own an ever expanding range of goods

Question 3

what is the consumer society

Answer 3

social inclination towards aquiring ever more goods and services

Question 4

Results of industrial revolution in the late 18th/early 19th century (consumer society)

Answer 4

-and particulary James Watt’s development of the first practical steam engine in the 1760s brought about massive changes in manufacturing

Question 5

prior to the industrial revolution (consumer society)

Answer 5

it was generally just well off people who could afford the products made by designer/maker craft workers
-but machinery and industrialisation meant that affordable products cld be produced on a larger scale

Question 6

industrial revolution on towns (consumer society)

Answer 6

towns and cities developed along with transport infastructure and the growth of the design and manufacturing sector

Question 7

industrial revolution definition

Answer 7

the change from a craft based to an industrial society during the late 18th and early 19th century

Question 8

in mass production what is ‘divison of labour’ (20th century developments in mass production)

Answer 8

where workers carry out a single process in turn, is used to set up a highly organised manufacturing system

Question 9

what does ‘divison of labour’ allow

Answer 9

such a system facilitates manufacturing products in large (mass quanities)

Question 10

Who pioneered the ‘divison of labour’ approach

Answer 10

Henry Ford
to drastically reduce car production times

Question 11

mass consumerism blooming (20th century developments in mass production)

Answer 11

-particulary blossomed in the 1930s
-following Ford’s innovations
-and the publics desire for stylish Art deco products and the electrical goods becoming more available

Question 12

mass consumerism effects on products to people pt 1 (20th century developments in mass production)

Answer 12

-advertising, packaging, marketing and styling such as ‘streamlining’ and other design trends, further encouraged an increasingly affluent+aspirational public to buy ever more products

Question 13

mass consumerism effects on products to people pt 2

Answer 13

-This has led to a 21st century mass consumer society where companies seek to satisfy everyone’s wants by making available a wide array of often ‘throw away’ products
-concerns abt this are starting to be taken more seriously(as clear environment impact)

Question 14

growth in the teenage market (20th century developments in mass production)

Answer 14

growth since the rise of ‘teenage rebellion’ in the 1950s and 60s, and the massive array of fashion, electronic, leisure and transport products targeted towards them

Question 15

younger children (20th century developments in mass production)

Answer 15

they are also targeted from a young age through products that satisfy eg their desire to
-own merch associated with popular media
-emulate aspects of the grown up world
-be ‘cool’ by wearing the right brands

Question 16

what is built in (planned) obsolence

Answer 16

a deliberate policy to manufacture products with a specific life span (requires replacement on a regular basis)

Question 17

manufactuers with built in (planned) obsolence

Answer 17

-manufactureres are sometimes accused of deliberately shortening the lifespan of their products to maximise profits
eg. in the early part of the 20th century when a cartel of light bulb manu deliberately made the lightbulbs have shortened life for max products

Question 18

what is obsolence often linked to

Answer 18

technological and functional issues
-and u shld consider whether egs such as these are a cynical marketing strategy or signs of a genuine desire to move product development forware

Question 19

examples of what technology egs obsolence is often linked to

Answer 19

-unavailability of spare parts for older models
-software incompatibility (eg older computers+phones being unable to run the latest operating systems)
-removal of smartphone headphone socket+ older types of connecter to facilitate ‘sleeker’ designs
-introduction of superior, desirable features such as multiple cameras on new phones

Question 20

example of a superior phone

Answer 20

the modular and upradeable ‘Fairphone’ is an example of the search for a more customer friendly and sustainable approach

Question 21

style and fashion obsolence

Answer 21

style and fashion is often employed to persuade consumers to replace items such as shoes+clothing with whatever is the latest trend

Question 22

what is postponement obsolence

Answer 22

sometimes manufacturers release versions of products that are not equipped with their ultimate capabilities,since they may be holding them back for future models

Question 23

Growth of mechanisation result (effects of mass production on employment)

Answer 23

resulted in a reduction of the number of ppl that had previously been required to carry out tasks in a wide range of industries
-eg weaving, pottery, glass bottle production+ car manufacture

Question 24

expand on manufacture of inexpensive goods (effects of mass production on employment)

Answer 24

done by low skilled workers in newly mechanised industries, intially led to poor working conditions, low wages, industrial unrest and a polluted environment

Question 25

machines (effects of mass production on employment)

Answer 25

-they cld replace skilled workers+development of technolgies such as polymer moulding led to the demise of much traditional craft manufacture of products such as wooden toys+ sheet metal kitchenware