Recall the equation that summarizes photosynthesis.
6CO2+ 12H2O+ Light -> C6H12O6+ 6H2O+ 6O2
Specify where photosynthesis occurs.
chloroplasts
Identify a key feature of chloroplasts: stomata
allows for gas exchange in leaves
Identify a key feature of chloroplasts: thylakoid membrane
internal membrane that contains enzymes to make ATP and chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments
Identify a key feature of chloroplasts: grana
stacks of flattened sacs of thylakoid membrane
Identify a key feature of chloroplasts: stroma.
semiliquid surrounding thylakoid membranes
Define carbon fixation.
Light independent reactions; the process wherein photosynthetic organisms (such as plants) turn inorganic carbon into organic compounds (carbohydrates)
List the three stages of photosynthesis, and identify which stages are light-dependent and which are light-independent.
- capture energy from sun- light dependent
- Mate ATP and reduce NADP+ to NADPH – light dependent
- Use ATP and NADPH to synthesize organic molecules from CO2- carbon fixation OR light independent
Specify where photosynthesis occurs and describe, in general, how it converts light energy into chemical energy.
- Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast where is captures energy from sunlight, converts that energy into ATP and reduces NADP+ in NADPH. Then it uses ATP and NADPH to synthesize organic molecules from CO2
Identify the chemical equation of photosynthesis and know what is oxidized and what is reduced.
- 6CO2 + 12H2O + Light –> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2
- H2O is oxidized and CO2 is reduced
Name the scientist that described photosynthesis as a multistep process where only part of the process is light dependent.
F.F Blackman
Define pigments and identify the pigments involved in photosynthesis.
- molecules that absorb visible light
- Chlorophyll A and B (A is main one; B is accessory pigment)
Using an absorption spectrum identify what wavelengths of light are most useful for photosynthesis.
The blue range and red range
Relate the absorption spectrum of a pigment to its color.
in a pigment: color is absorbed, only green is reflected
* the wavelength of light that a pigment absorbs depends on the amount of energy needed to boost an electron to a higher orbital
Define photon and describe how chlorophyll absorbs photons to excite electrons.
- a tiny particle or bundle of electromagnetic radiation
- Chlorophyl pigments absorb light photon the causes excitation of electrons. The electrons fall from unstable excited state to ground states and gives off photons.
Define photosystem and identify the two components of a photosystem.
- functional and structural units of protein complexes involved in photosynthesis
- antenna chlorophyll molecules & reaction center
what is the function of the reaction center of a photosystem.
o 1 or more chlorophyll a molecules
o Passes excited electrons out of the photosystem
what is the function of the antenna chlorophyll molecules of a photosystem.
o Hundreds of accessory pigment molecules
o Gathers photons and feeds the captured light energy to the reaction center
