Module 9 > 9.4 Factors Affecting Performance > Flashcards

9.4 Factors Affecting Performance Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the two aspects to fitness and health

A

the disposition of the engineer before starting their job and the day-to-day wellbeing of the engineer once employed

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2
Q

what can compromise an engineer’s ability to preform maintenance and carry out inspection

A

Poor physical fitness and health

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3
Q

from a human viewpoint, what is stress caused by

A

any demand(s) that require(s) a person to react, adapt, or behave in a particular way to manage them

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4
Q

what are the different types pf sensors that can cause stress

A

physical
psychological
reactive

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5
Q

what are some of the possible signs of stress

A

psychological
health effects
behavioural
cognitive
subjective

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6
Q

what does domestic stress typically result from

A

a major change at home, such as marriage

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7
Q

Aircraft maintenance engineers can experience work-related stress for two reasons, what are they

A

Because of the task or job they are currently undertaking.
Because of the general working environment.

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8
Q

what are the two different strategies to manage stress

A

defence strategies
coping strategies

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9
Q

what are the different stress management techniques

A

counselling
regular exercise
regular sleep and meals
relaxation methods

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10
Q

what is actual pressure

A

where specified deadlines are imposed by an external source

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11
Q

what is perceived pressure

A

where engineers feel they are under time pressure when carrying out tasks, even if no definitive deadlines have been set.

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12
Q

what is self-imposed pressure

A

where employees set themselves deadlines to complete work

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13
Q

what does arousal refer to

A

a person’s readiness to perform work

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14
Q

in the workplace, what is arousal mainly determined by

A

stimulation from work tasks, although environmental factors, such as noise, can have some influence

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15
Q

what does the ‘workload’ term generally used to describe

A

the degree of stimulation a task exerts on an employee

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16
Q

when does overload occur

A

at very high levels of workload

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17
Q

when does underload occur

A

at very ow levels of workload

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18
Q

what does the term ‘circadian rhythm’ used to describe

A

what is commonly known as the “body clock.”

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19
Q

what does the circadian rhythms control

A

the alternation between wakefulness and sleep, internal cycles, such as body temperature, hunger, and digestion, and certain other factors, such as hormone levels and mood.

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20
Q

what is the circadian rhythm controlled by

A

the brain

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21
Q

what are the two different types of fatigue

A

physiological
subjective

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22
Q

in the circadian rhythm, when is the sharpest blood pressure rise

A

06:45

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23
Q

what are some of the different medication that can hinder or aid performance

A

analgesics
anti-biotics
antihistamines
cough suppressants
decongestants
pep pills
sleeping tablets
melationin

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24
Q

who determines their fitness on a day-to-day basis

A

the engineer

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25
what are the two driving forces that aircraft maintenance engineers have
their deadlines imposed on them their responsibilities to meet safety requirements
26
what can workload be separated into
physical and mental workloads
27
what are the two types of fatigue
physiological fatigue subjective fatigue
28
Stress can be defined as: A. Only physical pressure on the body B. Any force that causes significant modification of the system to which it is applied C. A minor annoyance that does not affect performance D. Only psychological upset caused by work
B. Any force that causes significant modification of the system to which it is applied
29
Which of the following is an example of a chronic stressor? A. A punch on the nose B. Working in an extremely hot hangar over months C. Solving a challenging one-off problem D. Winning an award at work
B. Working in an extremely hot hangar over months
30
Which of the following is a possible cognitive sign of stress in an aircraft maintenance engineer? A. Nausea and headaches B. Sweating or dry mouth C. Poor concentration and forgetfulness D. Excessive alcohol consumption
C. Poor concentration and forgetfulness
31
Domestic stress can affect an engineer’s work because: A. It makes them physically weaker B. It preoccupies their mind, impairing concentration and attention to safety C. It only affects their relationships outside of work D. It is unrelated to work performance
B. It preoccupies their mind, impairing concentration and attention to safety
32
What is the main difference between defence and coping strategies for dealing with stress? A. Defence strategies deal with the source of stress; coping strategies alleviate symptoms B. Defence strategies alleviate symptoms; coping strategies deal with the source of stress C. Defence strategies are always better than coping strategies D. Coping strategies involve denial and blaming others
B. Defence strategies alleviate symptoms; coping strategies deal with the source of stress
33
ime pressures in aircraft maintenance can be: A. Only imposed by management B. Actual, perceived, or self-imposed C. Always beneficial for safety D. Irrelevant to task performance
B. Actual, perceived, or self-imposed
34
Which of the following best describes “perceived pressure”? A. Pressure imposed by management to meet contractual deadlines B. Pressure the engineer feels, even if no official deadlines exist C. Pressure to complete a task for personal satisfaction D. Pressure caused by lack of resources
B. Pressure the engineer feels, even if no official deadlines exist
35
Excessive time pressure is likely to: A. Always improve the quality of work B. Encourage engineers to skip breaks for efficiency C. Compromise work quality and increase mistakes D. Reduce the need for supervision
C. Compromise work quality and increase mistakes
36
In the BA Flight 5390 (BAC 1-11) incident, time pressure contributed to: A. A mechanical failure unrelated to maintenance B. Incorrect replacement of windscreen bolts due to skipping the IPC C. Pilots not following air traffic control instructions D. Flight delays caused by passenger issues
B. Incorrect replacement of windscreen bolts due to skipping the IPC
37
How many hours of sleep do humans generally require in a 24-hour period to restore mind and body? A. 4 hours B. 6 hours C. 8 hours D. 10 hours
C. 8 hours
38
What is the primary factor that disrupts circadian rhythms during long-haul flights? A. Noise in the cabin B. Jetlag from crossing multiple time zones C. Eating habits D. Physical exercise
B. Jetlag from crossing multiple time zones
39
Which part of the brain acts as the central clock mechanism for controlling circadian rhythms? A. Cerebellum B. Hypothalamus C. Medulla oblongata D. Pituitary gland
B. Hypothalamus
40
Fatigue can be classified into which two types? A. Physical and mental fatigue B. Acute and chronic fatigue C. Physiological and subjective fatigue D. Sleep-related and task-related fatigue
C. Physiological and subjective fatigue
41
Which of the following is a symptom of fatigue? A. Increased alertness B. Channelled concentration on a single task C. Faster reaction times D. Improved short-term memory
B. Channelled concentration on a single task
42
What does TSA (Time Since Awakening) measure? A. The total hours worked in a shift B. The number of hours since an individual last woke up C. The total hours of sleep in the past week D. The time taken to complete a task
B. The number of hours since an individual last woke up
43
When working rolling shifts, the recommended direction of shift rotation is: A. Early → Late → Night B. Night → Late → Early C. Late → Early → Night D. Night → Early → Late
A. Early → Late → Night
44
Which of the following is a disadvantage of shift work? A. Variety in working hours B. More days off C. Disruption of social and family life due to unsociable hours D. Avoiding peak traffic times when travelling to work
C. Disruption of social and family life due to unsociable hours
45
Why is fatigue particularly risky during shift handovers? A. The outgoing personnel are often alert and over-confident B. Outgoing personnel may be tired after long shifts, increasing the risk of human error C. Handovers only occur during daytime when fatigue is minimal D. Incoming personnel are always inexperienced
B. Outgoing personnel may be tired after long shifts, increasing the risk of human error
46
10. Which period of the day is human performance naturally at its lowest due to circadian rhythms? A. 10 am – 12 pm B. 2 pm – 4 pm C. 4 am – 6 am D. 8 pm – 10 pm
C. 4 am – 6 am
47
What is the main way to reduce a sleep deficit? A. Drinking coffee B. Taking short naps intermittently C. Getting additional sleep D. Exercising vigorously
C. Getting additional sleep
48
Which factor can make it difficult for an engineer to sleep during the day after a night shift? A. Working with familiar tools B. Exposure to daylight and ambient noise C. Eating balanced meals D. Planning tasks carefully
B. Exposure to daylight and ambient noise
49
Subjective fatigue is defined as: A. The body’s physical need for rest and restoration B. A person’s perception of how sleepy or tired they feel C. Fatigue caused by shift handovers D. Fatigue resulting from physical exercise only
B. A person’s perception of how sleepy or tired they feel
50
What is the effect of waking up during the body’s temperature trough (e.g., 4–6 am)? A. Increased alertness and performance B. Decreased alertness and performance C. No effect on performance D. Increased physical strength
B. Decreased alertness and performance
51
Which of the following strategies helps manage fatigue when working rotating shifts? Ignoring sleep patterns and working extra hours B. Using blackout curtains and earplugs for daytime sleep C. Drinking caffeine just before trying to sleep D. Eating large meals right before bedtime
Using blackout curtains and earplugs for daytime sleep
52
What does “substance use” broadly refer to? A. Only illegal drugs B. The use of any psychoactive substance, legal or illegal C. Only prescription medication D. Only alcohol consumption
B. The use of any psychoactive substance, legal or illegal
53
When does substance use become a “substance use disorder”? A. When any substance is consumed occasionally B. When substance use starts causing financial, health, or relationship problems C. When chocolate or caffeine is consumed D. When alcohol is consumed with meals
B. When substance use starts causing financial, health, or relationship problems
54
According to regulations, aircraft maintenance engineers must not work under the influence of alcohol or drugs to the extent that: A. They feel slightly tired B. Their capacity to exercise licence privileges is impaired C. Their colleagues notice their behaviour D. They have slept less than 8 hours
B. Their capacity to exercise licence privileges is impaired
55
What is the legal blood alcohol limit for aircraft engineers in the UK? A. 20 mg per 100 ml B. 80 mg per 100 ml C. 50 mg per 100 ml D. 100 mg per 100 ml
B. 80 mg per 100 ml
56
Which statement about alcohol is true? A. Coffee can speed up alcohol elimination from the body B. Alcohol acts as a depressant, slowing reaction times and dulling senses C. Alcohol has no effect if consumed with food D. Drinking small amounts has no effect on performance
B. Alcohol acts as a depressant, slowing reaction times and dulling senses
57
How long should aircraft maintenance engineers wait after drinking alcohol before returning to work? A. At least 4 hours B. At least 8 hours, longer after large amounts C. At least 2 hours D. There is no specific time; it depends on coffee intake
B. At least 8 hours, longer after large amounts
58
Which type of medication is likely to make an engineer drowsy and potentially unfit for work? A. Analgesics B. Antihistamines C. Antibiotics D. Decongestants
B. Antihistamines
59
What is a key risk of taking stimulant “pep pills” while working? A. They increase fatigue B. They slow reaction times C. They can be habit-forming and cause mental disturbances D. They make the user sleepy
C. They can be habit-forming and cause mental disturbances
60
Which illegal drug can impair concentration, memory, and judgment for up to 24 hours? A. Heroin B. Cannabis C. Cocaine D. Ecstasy
B. Cannabis
61
Melatonin is: A. A proven safe sleep aid for engineers B. A natural hormone claimed to aid sleep, but its effectiveness is unproven C. A stimulant used to increase alertness D. A type of antihistamine
B. A natural hormone claimed to aid sleep, but its effectiveness is unproven
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