9.7

Question 1

Explain how southern nations responded to the international economic order created by globalization.

Answer 1

The southern nations united in the 1970s to demand a change to the international economic order, but nothing changed.

• 1999: “Battle for Seattle”, a protest in Seattle (where the WTO was meeting to discuss further action) with more than 40,000 participants
• 2001: World Social Forum created, embodied anti-globalizationist ideals, with the goal of increasing global equity
• 1988: meeting at West Berlin
  *resistors to globalization complained that the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) favored rich countries over the poor countries
  *by 2001, this sentiment and protests spread globally into 23 mostly poor nations

Question 2

Why was the World Trade Organization a target of anti-globalizationists?

Answer 2

• they lowered the standard of working conditions
• helped to advance the degradation of the environment
• largely ignored human rights
• prevented developing and poor nations from protecting themselves from the economic interests of the West and more developed nations

Question 3

What were the reasons to oppose globalization?

Answer 3

• strain on the environment
  *CO2 emissions
  *global warming
  *polluted water supplies
• a threat to national sovereignty
  *EX: Britain left United Kingdom through Brexit because being a part of the UK brought undesired immigrants and political/economic restraints that didn’t allow them to make choices suiting their own interests
• abused human rights
  *poor working conditions
  *extremely low wages (esp. in textile industries)
  *child labor

Question 4

Explain resistance to globalization in relation to social media, with a specific example (country).

Answer 4

China shut down social media like Facebook and Twitter, because it was a seen as a root of unrest within China as western ideas gained popularity.

• 2009: riot between the Han population and the Uighurs
  *Chinese government blamed social media as the instigator of this riot, and replaced Twitter and other western social media platforms with their own media platform called “Weibo”
• Weibo is heavily censored, and many western ideas that may instigate rebellion against the Chinese government are filtered out