Abdomen

Question 1

The inguinal ligament is formed by what?

Answer 1

Free lower border of external oblique

Question 2

What are the attachment points of the inguinal ligament?

Answer 2

ASIS
Pubic tubercle

Question 3

What are the 4 main contents of the inguinal canal?

Answer 3

Ilioinguinal nerve
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Spermatic cord (males)
Round ligament of the uterus (females)

Question 4

What are the 3 main contents of the spermatic cord?

Answer 4

Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins

Question 5

A direct inguinal hernia protrudes through which structure?

Answer 5

Hesselbach’s triangle

Question 6

An indirect inguinal hernia protrudes through which structure?

Answer 6

Deep inguinal ring

Question 7

Where does a direct inguinal hernia lie in relation to the inferior epigastric artery?

Answer 7

Medial

Question 8

Where does an indirect inguinal hernia lie in relation to the inferior epigastric artery?

Answer 8

Lateral

Question 9

What are the borders of Hesselbach’s triangle?

Answer 9

Rectus abdominis
Inferior epigastric vessels
Inguinal ligament

Question 10

What are the layers of the testes?

Answer 10

Skin
Colles’ fascia + dartos muscle
External spermatic fascia
Cremasteric fascia
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis

Question 11

Cancer of the scrotum will metastasize to which nodes?

Answer 11

Superficial inguinal

Question 12

Testicular cancer will metastasize to which nodes?

Answer 12

Para-aortic

Question 13

Which nerve is involved in the afferent limb of the cremasteric reflex?

Answer 13

Ilioinguinal nerve

Question 14

Which nerve is involved in the efferent limb of the cremasteric reflex?

Answer 14

Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

Question 15

Which structure fails to close in a hydrocele?

Answer 15

Processus vaginalis

Question 16

An absent cremasteric reflex is associated with which pathology?

Answer 16

Testicular torsion