Imprisonment
are generally fixed term but can be suspended for life
Concurrent
serve two sentences at same time (get a 6 and 3 month and only serve 6)
Consecutive
serve sentences one after another (get a 3 and a 6 and serve 9 months in total)
Life sentence
subject to the set sentence for the rest of their life with a minimum term in prison before parole
Indeterminate
sentence does not have fixed length of time but there is a minimum time to spend in prison
Determinate/ fixed length
court sets fixed length for prison sentence. It is max they may spend in prison but may not spend whole time in there
Suspended
offender does not go to prison immediatey but is given the chance to stay out of prison and comply with requirements by court
Fines
Depends on financial circumstances of the offender. Based on the severity of offence and ability to pay. Considers defendants financial circumstances, offences seriousness and any relevant guidelines for sentencing. A fine is payable in full in a specific set amount of time.
Community sentences
Can be a combination order such as unpaid work, curfew or supervision. Can take the form of unpaid work, attendance centres, rehabilitation activities, curfew and exclusion from certain areas
Prison meets retribution
Offenders have their freedom taken away and are put under surveillance and control. risk of violence and dehumanisation of conditions reinforces punishment
Prison does not meet retribution
Some people get unduly lenient sentences and aim of retribution met as punishment not fit crime- Lavinia Woodward
Prison meets rehabilitation
Offenders are given opportunity to partake in drugs counselling and other programmes. Assisted by outside agencies to ensure prisoners are being supported
Prison does not meet rehabilitation
People cannot access rehab courses due to long waits meaning they do not get help/ support to progress and therefore prevent recidivism. Prison have poor records reducing reoffending, 48% reoffend in a year of release, sentences less then 12 months rises to 64%. 5616 prisoners recalled failing terms of licence in 2018. Short sentences - inadequate opportunity to access education and training programmes
Prison does not meet deterrence
Prison does not meet the aims of deterrence and is not hard enough to put them off. The conditions in prison for some are better than out of prison. Recidivism still occurs, high rates show that criminals are not being deterred believing they can get away with crime. 46% reoffend after one yer of release. sentences less than 12 months increase to 59%
Prison meets deterrence
General deterrence where individuals in society would not wish to be sent to prison.
Prison does meet PP
