Pharmacology Final > Active substances > Flashcards

Active substances Flashcards

(52 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Phenothiazine tranquilizers

A
  • Acepromazine
  • Chlorpromazine
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2
Q

Butyrophenone tranquilizers

A

Azaperone

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3
Q

Alfa-2 agonists

A
  • Xylazine
  • Detomidine
  • Dexmedetomidine
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4
Q

Alfa-2 antagonists

A

Atipamezole

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5
Q

Benzodiazepines

A
  • Diazepam (®Valium)
  • Midazolam
  • Alprazolam (®Xanax)
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6
Q

Barbiturates

A
  • Phenobarbital
  • Pentobarbital
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7
Q

Parasympathomymetics

A
  • Neostigmine
    Pyridostigmine
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8
Q

Parasympatholytics

A
  • Atropin
  • Glycopyrrolate
  • Tropicamide
  • Butil -scopolamine
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9
Q

Sympathomymetics

A

1. Non-selective:
- Epinephrine
- Dopamine

2. Selective
a. Alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists:
- Ephedrine
- Phenylpropanolamine

b. Beta-2 agonists:
- Clenbuterol
- Salbutamol
- Terbutalin
- Salmeterol

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10
Q

Sympatholytics

A

Non-selective receptors
Beta-receptor antagonists:
- Propranolol
- Timolol

Alpha-2 receptor antagnoists:
- Atipamezole

Selective receptors
Beta-1 receptor antagonists:
- Metoprolol

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11
Q

Xanthine derivates and CNS stimulants

A
  • Theophylline
  • Theobromine ⭢ TOXIC
  • Aminophylline
  • Doxapram
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12
Q

Antiepileptics, Anticonvulsive agents

A

-Long term:
- Phenobarbital
- Potassium bromide
- Levetiracetam
- Imepitoin

Status epilepticus:
- Benzodiazepines: Diazepam, Midazolam
- Propofol
- Pentobarbital

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13
Q

Antidepressants, behaviour modifiers

A

Tricyclic antidepressant:
- Clomipramine

SSRI, Selective Serotonine Reuptake Inhibitors:
- Fluoxetine

Tetracyclic antidepressant:
- Mirtazapine

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14
Q

Injectable anesthetics

A

1. Barbiturates:
- Pentobarbital

2. Propofol

3. NMDA receptor antagonists
- Ketamine
- Tiletamine

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15
Q

Inhalational anesthetics

A
  • Halothane ⭢ FORBIDDEN
  • Sevoflurane
  • Isoflurane
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16
Q

Peripheral muscle relaxants

A
  • Pancuronium
  • Atracurium
  • Suxamethonium
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17
Q

Central muscle relaxants

A
  • Guaiphenesin
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18
Q

Local anesthetics

A

Esters:
- Oxybuprocaine
- Tetracaine

Amides:
- Lidocaine
- Bupivacaine
- Ropivacaine

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19
Q

NSAIDs

A

1. Salicylates:
- Acetylsalicylic acid (®Aspirin)

2. Arylpropionic acids:
- Carprofen

3. Anthranilic acids:
- Flunixin meglumine

4. Oxicams:
- Meloxicam

5. Pyrazolines:
- Metamizole sodium

6. Coxibs:
- Firocoxib
- Robenacoxib (®Onsior)
- Mavacoxib

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20
Q

JAK inhibitors

A

Oclacitinib

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21
Q

Anti IL31 Monoclonal antibodies

Study These Flashcards
A

Lokivetmab (®Cytopoint)

22
Q

Immunosuppressant agents

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A

Antimetabolites:
Purine anaologues
-Azathioprine (active form = Mercaptopurine)
- Mycophenolate mofetil (active form = mycophenolic acid)

Cytokine Gene expression inhbitors:
- Cyclosporin

23
Q

Leukotriene antagonists

24
Q

Treatment and prevention of gastric ulcers

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A

1. Acid secretion inhibitors
H2 antagonists:
- Famotidine

Proton pump inhibitors:
- Omeprazole (®GastroGard)
- Pantoprazole

2. Drugs increasing mucosal resistance
Coating agents:
- Sucralfat

25
Acid secretion inhibitors
Famotidine Omeprazole Pantoprazole
26
Antacids and coating agents
Sucralfat
27
Glucocorticoids
- Prednisolone - Methylprednisolone - Dexamethasone - Betamethasone - Fluticasone - Beclomethasone - Budesonide ## Footnote *7 drugs*
28
Antihistamines
**1st generation** ***1. Ethanolamines:*** - Diphenhydramine - Dimenhydrinate ***2. Piperazines:*** - Hydroxyzine **3. Cyproheptadine** - Cyproheptadine **2nd generation** - Cetirizine (®Zyrtec)
29
Drugs affecting uterus muscle function
**Uterus stimulating agents** - Oxytocin - Prostaglandins: *dinoprost, Closeprostenol* **Uterus-realxing agents** - Clenbuterol
30
Antitussives, expectorants, mucolytics
**Antitussives** - Codein - Butorphanol - Dextromethorphan **Expectorants** - Bromhexin **Mucolytics** - Acetylcysteine
31
Pharmacology of cardiac contractility: digitalis glycosides, phosphodiesterase inhibitors
**digitalis glycosides** Digoxin **phosphodiesterase inhibitors** Pimobendan
32
Brconchodilators
**Selective symphatomimetics, B2 agonist:** - Clenbuterol - Salbutamol - Terbutalin - Salmeterol **Non-selective sympathomimetics** - Epinephrine **Parasympatholytic** - Ipratropium **Xanthine derivatives** - Theophylline - Aminophylline
33
Respiratory anti-inflammatory drugs
**Inhalational glucocorticoids** - Beclamethasone - Fluticasone **Leukotriene receptor antagonist** - Zafirlukast
34
Diuretics
**1. Osmotic diuretics:** - Mannitol **2. Natriuretic:** ***a. Loop diuretic:*** - Furosemide ***B. Potasium-sparing diuretic:*** - Spironolactone ***Not written in bold, but good to know*** **Cardiac diuretics:** - Digoxin - Theophylline - Theobromine - ACE inhibitors
35
Treatment of anaemia
**Medical treatment =** Erythropoetin, darbapoetin **Iron deficiency treatment =** Ferrous sulfate = Iron supplements
36
Treatment of haemostasis and thrombosis
**Inhibitors of anticoagulants and other agents to reduce the bleeding:** - Protamine - Etamsylat **Antiplatelet agents:** - Clopidogrel **Anticoagulants:** - Heparin *= Vitamin K antagonist*
37
Emetic and antiemetic drugs, Prokinetic drugs
**1. Emetic:** - Xylazine - Ropinirol - Apomorphine **2. Antiemetic:** ***Dopamine antagonists:*** - Metoclopramide ***Serotonine antagonists:*** - Ondansetron ***Neurokinin receptor antagonists:*** - Maropitant (®Cerenia) **3. Prokinetic drugs:** - Metoclopramide - Prucalopride
38
Antineoplastic agents
**Alkylating agents:** - Cyclophosphamide **Platinum compounds:** - Carboplatin - Cysplatin **Antracyclines:** - Doxorubicin - Mitoxantrone ⭢ Recommended over doxorubicin!! **Microtubule inhibitors:** - Vincristine **Tyrosine kinase inhibitors:** Masitinib = *First approved cancer treatment in veterinary medicine*
39
Laxatives and antidiarrheals, appetite stimulants
**1. Laxatives:** - Magnesium sulfate (®Epsom salt) - Lactulose - Liquid paraffin **2. Antidirrheals:** ***Adsorbents:*** - Activated charcoal - Montmorillonite ***Astringents:*** - Bismuth salts ***Motility modifiers:*** - Loperamide (®Imodium) **3. Appetite stimulants:** - Diazepam ⭢ Benzodiazepine - Ciproheptadine ⭢ Antihistamine drug - Mirtazapin ⭢ Antidepressant drug
40
ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, vasoactive agents
**ACE inhibitors:** - Benazepril - Ramipril **Angiotensin II receptor antagonists:** - Telemisartan **Vasoactive agents:** - Amlodipine - Diltiazem → Antiarrythmic drug
41
Pharmacology of liver protection
**Cholagogues:** - Ursodeoxycholic acid, UDCA, also called ursodioll **Hepatoprotectants:** - Sylimarin/Sylibinin - Cholin - Metionin - SAMe = S-adenozyl Methionin
42
GnRH analogues
- Buserelin - Fertirelin - Gonadorelin - Deslorelin
43
Gonadotropins
**Non-pituitary gonadotropins:** - PMSG / eCG = pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin - hCG = human chorionic gonadotropin
44
Progestagens
- Flurogeston - Norgestomet - Altrenogest (®Regu-mate) - Proligeston - Megestrol acetate - Aglepriston → Progesteron antagonists
45
Estrogens
- Estriol
46
Androgens
- Testosterone
47
Prostaglandins
- Dinoprost - Cloprostenol
48
Treatment for Hypothyroidism
- Levothyroxine
49
Treatment for Hyperthyroidism
- Methimazole
50
Treatment for cushing disease
- Trilostane - Mitotane
51
Treatment for addision disease
- Fludrocortisone
52
Insulin
- Insulin Zinc suspension (®Caninsulin) - Protamine Zinc insulin - Isophane insulin Neutral Protamine Hagedron, NPH - Crystalline insulin
Pharmacology Final
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