1
Q
What retains the vessel at the anchored position?
A. The holding power of the anchor
B. The weight of the Anchor alone
C. The weight and length of the cable
D. None of the above
A
C. The weight and length of the cable
House - Pg. 79 - 80
2
Q
When an anchor starts dragging what does paying out more cable do?
A. Changes a vertical pull to a more horizontal pull
B. Changes a horizontal pull to a more vertical pull
C. Adds more holding power to the anchor
D. changes the vertical pull to more of a vertical pull
A
A. Changes a vertical pull to a more horizontal pull
House - Pg. 80
3
Q
What does a 5º Angle of Inclination to the seabed do for the loss in holding power? 10º? 15º?
A
- 20% holding power loss
- 40% holding power loss
- 60% holding power loss
House - Pg. 80
4
Q
What is the best type of holding ground for an anchor? What is also acceptable? What is a third option?
A
- Clay
- Mud
- Hard Sand
House - Pg. 80
5
Q
What Grade of steel cable is Special Quality? Extra Special Quality? Mild Steel?
A
- Grade 2
- Grade 3
- Grade 1
House - Pg. 80
6
Q
True / False: Grade 3 is the lightest type of chain and more scope would be required to achieve a horizontal pull at the anchor position.
A
True
House - Pg. 80
7
Q
A ship in what condition would be expected to lay more cable (in ballast / loaded)?
A
In Ballast
House - Pg. 80
8
Q
True / False: A vessel is expected to employ her anchors and remain at anchor in holding ground and sheltered conditions in weather up to force 8 on the Beaufort Scale.
A
True
House - Pg. 80
9
Q
Wind effect, wave action, swell, tidal stream / current flow etc. are all beyond the control operational personnel these effect ships differently based upon what characteristics of the ship? (4 things)
A
- Draught
- Displacement
- Trim
- Light / loaded condition
House - Pg. 81
10
Q
In constructing an anchor plan these 8 things should be considered as it relates to the position of the vessel?
PTSD SHOC
A
- The position in general of the anchored vessel
- The availability of swinging room
- The depth of water at both high and low tide
- The position is clear of traffic
- The reasonable degree of shelter is provided at the intended position
- The holding ground for the anchor is good and not lend to dragging
- The position as charted is free of any underwater obstructions
- The greatest rate of current in the intended area of the anchorage
House - Pg. 82
P S D T S H O C
PTSD SHOC
11
Q
When constructing an anchor plan these 3 things should be considered as it relates to the ship itself and equipment?
A
- The arrival draught of the vessel in comparison with the lowest depth to ensure adequate under keel clearance.
- The Choice of Anchor
- Whether a single anchor or multiple anchors will be used
House - Pg. 82
12
Q
When constructing an anchor plan these 6 things should be considered as it relates to the execution of the plan?
A
- Position of the anchor at point of release
- Amount of cable to be payed out
- Ship’s course of approach towards the anchorage position
- Defined positions of stopping engines and operating astern propulsion
- State of tide ebb / flood determined for the time of anchoring
- Ship’s speed of approach towards the anchorage position
House - Pg. 82
13
Q
When constructing an anchor plan these 3 things should be considered as it relates to the stay at the anchorage?
A
- Weather forecast obtained prior to closing the anchorage
- Time to engage manual steering established
- Position monitoring systems confirmed
House - Pg.82
14
Q
What action should be done prior before the vessel gets to the anchorage position to ensure the anchor and personnel is ready to go?
A
Anchor should be walked back to ensure it is ready for use in ample time and communications between the bridge tested.
House - Pg.82
15
Q
Preferably in which direction should the ship be pointed as it relates to the tidal current?
A
Turned into the current
House - Pg.82
16
Q
When looking out the window what is a positive indication that the ship is starting to move astern and so ready to drop the anchor?
A
the wake of the ship is starting to move past the midship point of the ship.
House - Pg.84
17
Q
How can the Officer in Charge of the anchor party check the run of cable as it is being layer out?
A
Using the gypsy braking system
House - Pg.82
18
Q
When the predetermined amount of cable is released what should be done with the engines? At this point the anchor can dig in what is another word or phrase to describe this?
A
- Engines should be stopped from moving astern.
- The ship is “Brought Up”
House - Pg.84
19
Q
When the anchor chain is slack what is the bight of chain called that draws the ship back towards the holding anchor?
A
Catenary of cable
House - Pg.82
20
Q
What is the length of cable from hawse to anchor shackle called?
A
Scope of chain
House - Pg.85
21
Q
What are four types of holding ground that would be bad for anchoring?
A
- Rock
- Ooze
- Stones
- Soft Sand
House - Pg.85
22
Q
The majority of time dragging anchor has to do with which of the following?
A. Not enough scope of cable let out
B. Anchoring with one anchor as apposed to two
C. Changes in natural weather conditions or current / tide changes
D. Anchoring in poor holding ground
A
C. Changes in natural weather conditions or current / tide changes
House - Pg.86
23
Q
What are the first two options for dealing with an anchor that is dragging?
A
- Veering out more chain
- Dropping a second anchor at short stay
House - Pg.86
24
Q
What is the disadvantage to adding more scope to an anchor when dragging?
A
Adding to the recovery time if it does not resolve the situation and the anchor needs to be weighed.
House - Pg.86
25
What is the disadvantage to dropping a second anchor underfoot? What may Masters have to do in poor weather conditions.
1. Wear and tear on the gear that will have constraints on the windlass trying to pick up two anchors in poor weather.
2. Use the engines to ease the weight on the cables.
House - Pg.86
26
What may be the best alternative when weather conditions become detrimental and the anchor is dragging?
Pick up the anchor and run to a more sheltered anchorage in the lee of the land or seek open waters to ride out the bad weather.
House - Pg.86
27
True / False: It is considered normal practice on smaller type vessels to let the anchor go from the position of being held on the brake.
True
House - Pg. 88
28
Why is it customary to walk back than anchor all the way to the desired scope on large ships?
A. Large ship’s have larger momentum and tension on the anchor when letting go which could overwhelm and cause the winch brake system to fail.
B. The heavier anchors and cables that come with larger ship’s create to much momentum for the winch brake system to support when letting go.
C. Larger ship’s anchor in deeper water so more scope is generally used normally this approaches the max available anchor chain so it is necessary to be more precise when laying out the chain.
D. Larger ship’s have less control when backing down to lay out the chain so it is necessary to prevent the chain from free running under too much speed to lay out the chain under power.
B. The heavier Anchors and Cables that come with larger ship’s create to much momentum for the winch brake system to support when letting go.
House - Pg. 88
29
True / False: Walking back an anchor will provide greater control to marine pilots and ship’s masters without incurring damage to the equipment.
True
House - Pg. 88
30
What is a good practice for testing the anchor brake out while underway or at the dock?
Remove all anchor securing except for the brake and with the anchor windlass engaged bump the windlass in the opposite direction so as to provide some space between the gear plate and the gypsy plate. If the brake is not holding this space will close up under its own weight.
House - Pg. 88
31
What are six operational safety methods when anchoring?
1. Always check over the side that the anchor is being dropped for small craft or other obstructions under the flare of the bow of the intended area of letting go.
2. Always walk the anchor clear of the hawse pipe prior to letting go.
3. Assign only designated and experienced persons to operate the windlass and brake system.
4. All parties to the operation should have inter-related communications and these should be tested prior to employing the ship’s anchor.
5. The Marine Pilot or Ship’s Master who has the con should be informed of the lead of the cable and number of shackles in use.
6. All necessary recognition and sound signals should be employed promptly and correctly.
House - Pg. 89
32
What is the reason for an anchor buoy?
( 2 things)
To aid in identifying the position and aid in recovery in the event of a lost anchor.
House - Pg. 89
33
True / False: The main reason that using an anchor buoy has been discontinued is that dealing with a buoy line over side can be cumbersome and could also cause inopportune problems.
True
House - Pg. 90
34
What is the main reason for pointing a vessel while at anchor?
To provide a lee on one side or another of the vessel to operate small launches or work cargo alongside.
House - Pg. 90
35
What is one way to create a lee for vessels to work while at anchor using a 24/28 mm wire?
Run the wire from the aft bitts and to the anchor chain just outside the hawse pipe then veer the chain out causing the wire to come under tension and create a lee.
House - Pg. 90
36
True / False: When conducting a safe anchor watch the watch officer would generally be expected to act as the prime lookout while at the same time maintaining a continuous position monitoring schedule.
True
House - Pg. 91
37
When standing a safe anchor watch why will knowing the times and heights of tides be beneficial?
If you know that you will know the most likely times that the vessel might drag anchor.
House - Pg. 91
38
What is the fog signals required for a vessel at anchor under 100 m long? For over 100 m long?
1. At intervals of no more than 1 min ring the bell rapidly for 5 seconds
2. At intervals of no more than 1 min ring the bell in the fore part of the vessel for 5 seconds and immediately after the gong should be sounded for about 5 seconds in the after part of the vessel.
House - Pg. 92
39
Are there any other sound singles that a vessel at anchor can ring?
Upon the approach of another vessel the vessel shall sound three blasts one short and one long followed by another short to warn that vessel of their position.
House - Pg. 92
40
In fog at anchor in addition to continuous monitoring of the radars what else may be required?
Additional look outs.
House - Pg. 92
41
What are 10 things an OOW should do to stand a proper anchor watch?
1. Monitor closely the ship’s position, by primary and secondary means.
2. Maintain a continuous effective look out
3. Ensure suitable fire/piracy rounds are being made
4. Monitor effective communications both internal and external to the ship
5. Monitor prevailing weather patterns
6. Check anchor and cable are ranging correctly
7. Ensure that correct signals are displayed at the correct times
8. Note tide and current flow changes
9. Manage watch personnel in the correct administration of their duties
10. Ensure that the vessel complies with the COLREGS and the Master is updated regarding any changing circumstances affecting the vessel.
House - Pg. 92
42
What are four suggested fixing methods?
1. Visual Bearings - 3 compass bearings off suitable land marks
2. Radar - bearing and distance from fixed land mark
3. Intersecting radar distances from two separate landmarks spaced well apart.
4. GPS electronic fixing instrumentation satellite based.
House - Pg. 96
43
What are four ways to check if the anchor is dragging?
1. Check anchor bearings for position
2. Use radar range circle
3. Check the anchor chain if it is dragging the vibration will travel the complete length of the cable
4. Use a weighted line over the side if when dropped in the water it has a lead toward the anchor position it is dragging.
House - Pg. 96
44
True / False: Normal practice if the vessel is dragging anchor is for the master to take the con and put the engines in standby.
True
House - Pg. 97
45
What are three option a master has if dragging anchor?
1. Veer out more chain increasing the scope of anchor cable could allow the anchor to re-settle and bed into the ground again, the extra weight of chain may prevent the anchor from breaking out a second time.
2. Drop the second anchor at short stay, excessive yawing could have caused the first anchor to have a Yaw motion causing it to break free. This may stabilize the vessel.
3. Heave up both anchors and either go to better anchorage area or do weather patterns.
House - Pg. 97
46
When berthing what could a vessel do to assist in the berthing when stemming a tide/current?
A. Drop the Inshore anchor at short stay
B. Drop the Inshore anchor and vear chain until berthed
C. Dredge down with the offshore anchor
D. All of the above.
C. Dredge down with the offshore anchor.
House - Pg. 97
47
What kind of speed is the vessel making when dredging down?
The speed of the vessel over the ground is not moving as fast as the current.
House - Pg. 97
48
How much anchor chain should a vessel dredge down with?
Just enough to reach the seabed
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49
True / False: The object of dredging down is to use a crabwise side movement of the vessel towards the berth.
True. This is achieved with helm action and engine power ahead.
House - Pg. 97
50
What is the purpose of the anchor when dredging down and crabbing toward the dock?
By dragging the anchor alongside the bottom to steady and check the bow movement.
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51
What are 8 points the shiphandler to take into account when dredging an anchor?
**********
KETO GALS
1. Keep the weight on the anchor cable and prevent the anchor cable from slacking.
2. Early: Walk back the anchor as early as possible in order to acquire the feel of the vessel before she approaches the berth.
3. Too much speed causes the pivot point to be pushed back which reduces the benefits of dragging anchor
4. One and a half times the depth of water. Short Stay: With no more than 1 1/2 times the depth of water. This can be adjusted as the weight is seen to bite.
5. Go slow and continuious movement is better than sharp erratic corrections to the ship’s head.
6. Approach the position of letting go anchor at a slow speed and do not let the vessel stop as the anchor may dig in and make it difficult to retrieve.
7. Large Ships: Should avoid any swinging movement of the vessel movement should be positive and deliberate to provide steady strain on the cable.
8. Slack: once moorings have been landed ashore slack back on the cable as there may be sufficient tension towards the anchor.
E A T O L S G K
KETO GALS
52
How can a dredged anchor be used to assist on departure?
It can be heaved to assist in getting the ship off the dock.
House - Pg. 98
53
when dredging an anchor to assist in docking why should the anchor never be left at long stay?
Because it will be an extended area of obstruction to other traffic.
House - Pg. 98
54
When sea room is limited by shoals or obstructions and options for turning the vessel around is limited to two different things what are they?
1. Turning Short Round
2. Snubbing Around
House - Pg. 99
55
Which way of turning around will enjoy the benefits of transverse thrust? Which way will depend on the circumstances and probably turn in the direction of prevailing weather?
1. Short Round
2. Snubbing Round
House - Pg. 99
56
If choosing to snub around what should be done in advance? (Three things)
1. Prepare the anchor to be dropped by walking back and made ready in ample time.
2. Chart the position of dropping anchor to ensure there is ample room and no obstructions.
3. Adjust the vessels speed to ensure desired speed can be achieved for dropping the anchor.
House - Pg. 99
57
How is the act of snubbing around started with a helm order and anchor?
Give a bold starboard helm order while simulataneously paying out on the cable.
House - Pg. 99
58
Why should the brake of the anchor not be allowed to be applied too soon?
A. Because it may not catch and you will lose time in the maneuver
B. Because you may not be able to loosen the brake again due to common mechanical failure of the brake system
C. Because it could cause excessive strain on the cable from the ships forward and turning momentum
D. Because you will cause premature ware in the break pads
C. Because it could cause excessive strain on the cable from the ships forward and turning momentum
House - Pg. 99
59
At the proper time what will the act of checking the run of cable do for the turn?
Check the movement of the ships bow while the stern is accelerating through the turn.
House - Pg. 99
60
As the ship has moved through the turn what does coming ahead on the engine do?
It eases the weight from the cable which lends to the recovery effort of the anchor.
House - Pg. 99
61
Although the amount of actual scope of chain to use is variable the amount will usually not be more than _____ shackles as this length to weight factor would be expected to achieve the objective of snubbing the bows movement and obtaining a tight 180º turn.
2
House - Pg. 99
62
When the use of the term mooring is used what is the widely accepted definition of this?
A. When a vessel is secured to the docks with mooring lines
B. When a vessel drops at least one anchor
C. When the vessel employs two anchors
D. all of the above
C. When the vessel employs two anchors.
House - Pg. 99
63
True / False: Certain ports and docks require ships to adopt specialized moorings or to moor in a specific way.
True. This is due to possible adverse weather conditions, limited berth space, cargo handling requirements or reduced swinging area.
House - Pg. 100
64
What are the general ships that may use a Mediterranean Moor?
A. Roll - on - Roll off vessels
B. Tankers with stern discharge manifolds
C. General cargo vessels working both port and starboard sides to barges
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
House - Pg. 100
65
What are the disadvantages of a Mediterranean Moor? (Name 4)
1. The vessel is exposed to the prevailing weather in the fore part
2. Going ashore requires a small boat
3. The benefit of shoreside cranes are denied to the vessel
4. Addtional wear and tear on ships cargo handling gear
House - Pg. 101
66
With a right hand fixed propeller the approach for a Mediterranean Moor should be with the berth on what side? How far off should the vessel be? At what speed?
1. Port side of the vessel
2. 2 - 3 Ship Lengths off
3. 3 - 4 kts
House - Pg. 101
67
At what point should the first anchor be dropped with a Mediterranean Moor what should the engines order be and what are the sequence of orders after this? (8 steps and one answer at the start)
1. when the bow is even with the intended dock
2. Hard Starboard ordered
3. Stop engines and let the chain pay out
4. Half astern on the engines, rudder amidships and let go Port Anchor
5. As vessel gathers up sternway pay out on both cables
6. Stop Engines and check astern movement by applying brakes on cables
7. Run Stern lines to quayside by us of mooring boat or heaving lines
8. Secure stern by quarter ropes and crossed inboard springs
9. Once all fast put tension on stern moorings by heaving easy on both anchors.
It
House - Pg. 101
68
What is the principle operation of the Baltic Moor is to do what?
To hold ships hull from an unfended stone berth or hold a heavy vessel off a lightly constructed quay to avoid quayside damage.
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69
What does a Baltic Moor consist of?
Using a 24 mm to 28 mm wire from the stern attached to a ganger length linkage of the anchor cable.
House - Pg. 101
70
For a Baltic Moor how should the wire be prepared alongside the ship?
In bights over the side with sail twine.
House - Pg. 103
71
At what point should the anchor be let go upon approach to the berth with a Baltic Moor? What should the speed be of the ship?
1. The mid point of the berth.
2. Speed should be minimal
House - Pg. 103
72
When should the anchor be checked for a Baltic Moor?
A. Right after letting go the anchor to ensure all bights have pull free from the side of the ship
B. When alongside the Quayside and close to final position
C. Multiple times while setting in the Quayside
D. None of the above
B. When alongside the Quayside and close to final position
House - Pg. 103
73
Generally which direction of the wind assists in a Baltic Moor?
Onshore Wind.
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74
What are the circumstances that an Open Moor would be used? (Two circumstances)
1. When at an exposed anchorage
2. In a fast flowing river
House - Pg. 111
75
How many degrees off of the center line of the ship should the anchors be set? What is the total spread of anchors in degrees?
1. 15º
2. 30º
House - Pg. 111
76
When should an open moor not be used? Why?
1. In tidal ranges
2. The turn of the tide could cause the anchors to fowl with one another.
House - Pg.111
77
In general what is the arrangement for an Open Moor?
A. Both anchors at the same length
B. One anchor under foot and the other at long stay
C. One anchor at short stay and the other at long stay
D. Both anchors at short stay
C. One anchor at short stay and the other at long stay
House - Pg.111
78
True / False: Two anchors down with 8/9 shackles of cable paid out to each anchor reduces the manoeuvreabilty of the ship considerably.
True
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79
True / False: VLCC / ULCC when returning from sea and entering the anchorage will have the windlass engaged in gear, brake on and bow stopper in position but other anchor lashings would be removed.
True.
House - Pg. 153
80
On VLCC / ULCCs after anchoring how is the arrangement generally left?
A. Bow stopper set true, Brake hard on and Windlass disengaged
B. Bow Stopper set true, Windlass Engaged and Brake off
C. Bow Stopper set true, Brake hard on, Windlass engaged, and Devils claw or other anchor lashings on
D. Bow Stopper set true, Brake hard on, and Windlass engaged
D. Bow Stopper set true, Brake hard on and Windlass engaged
House - Pg. 154
81
When anchoring a large vessel such as a VLCC the anchor plan should take into due consideration the speed of approach and the speed at which the vessel is walking out the anchor, a recommended speed for walking the anchor out is recommended to be ______ kts.
.25 kts
House - Pg. 155
82
True / False: When anchoring a large vessel at the recommended speed any speed of this may result in overheating of a braking system and result in lost anchors or cables.
True
House - Pg. 155
83
Large vessels that are equipped with speed limiting governor controls would lend its self to what technique when anchoring?
Letting go the anchor as apposed to walking back all the way.
House - Pg. 155
84
If a large ship with limiting governor controls has suspect machinery what should be the procedure for anchoring?
the procedure for walking the anchor all the way should be adopted.
House - Pg. 155
85
What should be the ratio of anchor cable to depth for a 20,000 - 50,000 DWT ship loaded and in ballast? 50,000 - 90,000 DWT ship loaded and in ballast? Over 90,000 DWT ship loaded and in ballast?
1. 20,000 - 50,000 DWT loaded 7 x D, Ballast 9 x D
2. 50,000 - 90,000 DWT loaded 7 x D, Ballast 9 x D
3. Over 90,000 DWT loaded 6 x D, Ballast 8 x D
House - Pg. 156
86
what are two reasons to consider more change when in ballast as apposed to loaded?
1. The increase windage acting on the super structure of the vessel at surface level
2. When loaded less freeboard the catenary of the cable would not be as steep and as such would provide an improved horizontal angle on the anchor.
House - Pg. 156
87
True / False: The majority of VLCC / ULCC vessels are now equipped with at least 15 shackles of cable to each anchor and would be comfortable chain capability for a scope of 350 Meters.
True
House - Pg. 156
88
Once deep water is introduced to anchoring the amount of scope is considered what should be a major consideration as to what scope is to be actually employed?
The amount of chain available.
House - Pg. 156
89
A VLCC with a 20 tonne anchor is anchoring in 30 Meters of water with a 10 meter tidal range how much cable would she be expected to deploy?
240 meters of cable or 8.74 shackles.
House - Pg. 157
90
If anchorages around the world vary between 40 - 60 Meters of water and a safety factor is used between a scope of 6 - 10 and the upper is used for this then according to what classification societies require for anchor chain is there enough to make the worst case scenarios work when anchoring?
No. Classification societies require 351 meters of cable which would be well short of 600 meters required.
House - Pg.157
91
When entering an anchorage with a large vessel speed and heading upon final approach are important if it is ascertained that the vessel is stopped over the ground without the proper heading what can be done to remedy this?
The anchor can be walked out to short stay and used to align the heading properly
House - Pg.158
92
If the anchor is walked out at short stay prior to letting go to aid in the heading adjustment how many shots should be used what should the ship handler not allow to happen?
1. No more than twice the depth of water
2. Not allow the anchor to dig in
House - Pg.158
93
what two repricusions could result from excessive sternway once the anchor is dug in?
1. Cause the anchor to break out
2. Cause failure to the equipment
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94
Once the anchor is brought up which two positions should be charted? What kinds of bearings should be noted (2 bearings)?
1. Position of the anchor
2. Position of the bridge
3. Anchor bearings and clearing bearings
House - Pg.158
95
Which has more lifting power / holding ability the brake or motor for the windlass? By how much?
1. Brake
2. Motor is only 1/12th that of the brake holding power
House - Pg.159
96
What is the McDowall method of anchoring large ships to avoid excessive stresses?
The anchor is walked back to a position just above the seabed. A tight turn is executed bringing the weather on the beam and attaining a position approximately 20º off the wind. The final approach to the anchorage is made down weather in a sideways movement. The anchor is let go and allowed to run at a speed consistent with eye contact to each link. Once the desired amount of cable is released the brake is applied tightly and the pawl is positioned with the safety pin.
House - Pg.157
97
In the McDowall alternate way to anchor large ships what kind of timing is important to set the pawl down? Why is this?
1. When the cable is in the up and down position
2. The brake is not designed to hold the ship but the stopper is.
House - Pg.159
98
How many meters vertical windlass designed to lift the anchor?
82 meters
House - Pg. 161
99
What may a temptation be when walking an anchor all the way out which can take a long time?
A. Putting more chain out than necessary leading the catenary to put excessive strain on the anchor.
B. Putting an inadequate amount of chain out leading the catenary to put excessive strain on the anchor.
C. Piling up the chain on top of itself causing the anchor to be fouled.
D. Going astern at a high rate of speed.
B. Putting an inadequate amount of chain out leading the catenary to put excessive strain on the anchor.
House - Pg. 161
100
True / False: When recommendations to walk back to a depth considered suitable for a controlled release is not followed and letting go in deeper water than is expected can easily test equipment beyond its capabilities.
True
House - Pg. 164
101
To reduce the possibility of hazards of letting go in deeper water a close inspection of the charted anchorage area prior to letting go and also the use of this equipment?
Echo sounder when approaching the position of release.
House - Pg. 164
102
When is the majority of anchor losses known to have happened?
A. During heaving the anchor
B. During fetching up of the anchor
C. During Letting go of the anchor
D. In transit with the anchor secured
C. During letting go of the anchor
House - Pg. 164
103
True / False: When using the engines to avoid collision a ship will make less advance in a turn than the head reach attained from “Crash Full Astern”.
True
House - Pg. 170
104
When faced with a collision obstructing a channel ahead what are the steps Engine orders and rudder commands to avoid using an Anchor? (This is with a following 3 kt current)
1. Vessel moves to Port Side of channel as if to commence a short round turn and maximize transverse thrust when later going astern.
2. Vessel goes hard starboard, Stop Engines, Full astern, Let go Stbd anchor like completing a snub round.
3. Rudder amidships anchor is allowed to run.
4. Vessel goes hard starboard full ahead (this is when the vessel has made the majority of the turn)
5. Vessel goes dead slow ahead to recover the anchor
House - Pg. 171
105
True / False: When turning the vessel in an emergency turn using the anchor at 7 kts the anchor brake should be held after aloud to run at 2 shackles to check the cable, start slowing the vessel and assist in the turn.
False: There should be no attempt to apply the brake and check the cable at this speed.
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106
What kind of Moor does an emergency turn into current resemble the most?
A Standing Moor.
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107
At what point should engines be placed full astern during an emergency maneuver to avoid an obstruction?
A. directly after the stop engine order has been given
B. Just prior to releasing the anchor
C. Once the vessel has the tide on the beam with the cable running
D. All of the above
C. Once the vessel has the tide on the beam with the cable running.
House - Pg. 172
108
If given the choice when beaching a ship what are 6 ideal conditions and / or locations?
1. Gentle sloping sandy beach, rock free
2. Sheltered area away from exposed weather conditions and traffic
3. Limited swell conditions and surf free
4. Current free with small range of tide
5. Clear of surface and underwater obstructions
6. Not affecting nature reserves or other protected environmental area
House - Pg. 173
109
What are the conditions at which a ship should be delibritately beached? What should be kept in mind when doing so?
1. To prevent it from sinking and becoming a total construction loss.
2. To reflect at a later time
House - Pg. 173
110
When beaching a ship what angle should be taken to the beach? Why?
1. Right angles
2. It takes any further damage on landing forward of the collision bulkhead.
House - Pg. 173
111
What condition should the ship be in when beaching and what state should the anchors be in?
1. Fully ballasted
2. Anchors walked back and clear of the hawse pipes ready to let go.
House - Pg. 173
112
To avoid the danger of refloating the vessel on the rising tide what may be a couple of options?
1. Adding additional ballast
2. Pushing the vessel further beyond the immediate shoreline
House - Pg. 173
113
What factor influences the master on when to order the release of anchors when beaching a ship?
The amount of cable secured to each anchor.
House - Pg. 173
114
What can be used as a measurement to compare when to let go the anchors?
Ship length
House - Pg. 173
115
If anchors are unable to be released right away due to the time factor or prevailing conditions when breaching a ship what is recommended? Why?
1. Anchors should be walked back to take the ground
2. The anchors could act as a drogue to prevent the ship from dropping back to deeper water
House - Pg. 173
116
When beaching a ship which anchor should be considered first? Why?
1. Use the weather anchor first.
2. It will reduce the risk of damage to the hull by sitting on her own anchor.
House - Pg. 174
117
When beaching a vessel during an emergency what can be added to act as anti slewing moorings as and when the weather / tides change effectively reducing movement of the ship on an already delicate ship situation?
Stern mooring wires passed from the ship’s quarters towards the bow area and secured to the ganger lengths of the chain cables.
House - Pg. 173
118
What is a ganger length of anchor cable?
A length of cable usually about a couple of links that serves to take the wear and tear of the anchor.
## Footnote
Ganger lengths are standardized to ensure consistency in anchoring practices and are crucial for effective mooring.
Puget Sound Pilots
flashcards
Decks in class (20)
# Cards
-
Tug Use In Port - Hensen644
-
Tug Use In Port - Hensen Deck 2293
-
Hooyer300
-
Pilot Ladder Poster37
-
Shiphandling With Tugs - Slesinger274
-
Shiphandling For The Mariner - Macelrevey266
-
Shiphandler’s Guide - Rowe228
-
Shiphandling for the Mariner - text questions198
-
Hooyer COPY83
-
Shiphandling (The Beautiful Game) - Livingstone449
-
Captain Ed Verbeek Advice - Shiphandling (the Beautiful Game) - Livingstone7
-
Bowditch - Ch. 5 ECDIS142
-
Symbols24
-
Bowditch - Ch. 7 Nav. Aids181
-
Bowditch - Ch. 35 Tides & Currents118
-
Anchor Practice - House118
-
1,000 Ways To Secure A Pilot Ladder - Palmers92
-
IBS Vol 2 ECDIS and Positioning195
-
Shipboard Bridge Resource Management - Adams200
-
Mangaging Collision Avoidance At Sea232
