What are the problems with digging up stuff?
It’s destructive and expensive
What texhniques do we use to survey now?
Surface and subsurface using remote sensing
Unsystematic surface survey
Field walking, recording locations of stuff
Systematic surface survey
Grid system, walking systematically
What are some types of remote sensing?
From afar, airborn/satellite, geophysical, ground
What is subsurface detection? What major subdivisions are there?
Remote sensing techniques that are used at ground level- invasive and noninvasive
What other techniques are used to find sites?
Looking for surviving prominent remains- (burial mounds/buildings/significant human activity)
How can you define boundaries?
Natural (landmarks), cultural (artifactual style range), arbitrary
What’s a problem with unsystematic methods? How is this remedied?
It could be overly biased towards concentrated sites. We use the grid system more commonly)
Is it better to go out once or multiple times over time when surveying? Why?
Multiple times- you can see different things depending on what conditions there are
When do surface artifacts usually date to?
More recent past- but the top layer doesn’t usually indicate what’s beneath
Why would we want to combine the results of different finds?
To build a complete picture of a society
When are surface techniques usually used?
Aerospace reconnaisance
When is GPS used? What’s it usually combined with?
To keep track of where stuff is. That’s usually combines with photos and satellite images
LIDAR and SLAR
Aircraft carries a laser scanner that used sonar like tech to make a 3d model of what’s under the tree canopy. Also works with shallow water
What common map technology is also used to find sites?
Google maps
SAR
Multiple high res radar images used for research-
ASTER
Temperature, reglective, elevation data collected by satellite
Is imaging technology sufficient on its own?
No, it identifies and contextualizes a site
Topographic data refers to
Elevation
Planimatric data outlines
Buildings at sites
What does GIS do?
Records sites and information about conditions. Separates information into different layers (elevation, local features, types of artifacts…)Predictiv emodeling shows the odds of
Predictive modeling shows the odds of…
Finding a site in an area
How is the layout of a site determined?
Studying the distance of features and surface artifacts
