Temperate and tropical areas are ____ for preserving artifacts
Bad
Waterlogged, buried in mud
Great for preservation
Ozette site
mudslide covered NA village
Nomothetic/deductive site research
Walk and look for stuff. BAD
Idiographic/deductive site survey
Start with a theory and leading to potential sites
Research design
- FFormulate research strategies to ask question
- Collect/record evidence
- Process and analyze evidence and interpret data
- Publish research
How are most sites found?
Intentionally- hints via documentary sources, or found by ground/aerial reconnaisance
Cultural resource management
Construction mitigation and compliance. Making sure you’re not building over a site before you build something
Construction CRM
Uses techniques to just clear a place for construction
Academic CRM
Questions and methods that answer a question
What determines what techniques are used to survey a site?
Type of site, question being asked, what you’re looking for (eg pottery)
WHat does the location of sites tell us?
How people used the land (more and less used spaces both important)
What’s used to prevent bias in examination of sites?
Systematic research
Intensive research
Large area, low detail
Extensive research
Small area, detailed
SAmpling strnts
Saves us from our own boiases to get real picture of what’s happening
Grid system
Grid area, randomly selected set of squares
Stratified random
Number of squares proportional to different types of land
Simple random
Every square is randomly selected
Systematic
Equally spaced locations, but could miss all regularly spaced stuff
Strat undisned, system
Proportional strats with 3x3 aquares- one block randomly selected from each
Disturbed dirt indicates
Defensive structures, water used to be there, etc
Advanced that helped
GPS, GIS, satellite imagery, dromes
LIDAR
Used for dense areas- plane used lasers to fire shots to make 3d map. Topography under the canopy
