Antibiotics

Question 1

Which classes of antibiotics readily cross the blood brain barrier?

Answer 1

Sulfonamides
Fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Third generation cephalosporins
Phenicols

Question 2

Which classes of antibiotics can cross the blood brain barrier when inflammation is present?

Answer 2

Doxycycline
Erythromycin
Rifamycins
Penicillins

Question 3

Which classes of antibiotics can target anaerobic bacteria?

Answer 3

Beta lactamase inhibitor penicillins
2nd generation cephalosporins
Carbapenams
Vancomycin
Metronidazole
Tetracyclines
Lincosamides
Penicols

Question 4

Which class of drug can cause discolored teeth if administered to young patients?

Answer 4

Tetracyclines

Question 5

Which drug can cause neurotoxicity?

Answer 5

Metronidazole

Question 6

Which drug classes can cause nephrotoxicity?

Answer 6

Aminoglycosides
Vancomycin

Question 7

Which drug can cross the placenta and is excreted in milk?

Answer 7

Doxycycline

Question 8

Which drugs are bacteriostatic?

Answer 8

Ribosomal inhibitors EXCEPT for aminoglycosides:
Tetracyclines
Macrolides
Lincosamides
Phenicols

Question 9

Which drugs are bactericidal?

Answer 9

B lactams
Vancomycin
Sulfonamides
Fluoroquinolones
Aminoglycosides
Metronidazole
Rifamycins

Question 10

What is the drug of choice for treating actinomyces and nocardia?

Answer 10

TMS

Question 11

Which drugs are concentration dependent?

Answer 11

Fluoroquinolones
Aminoglycosides
Rifamycins
Metronidaozle

Question 12

What is the mechanism of action of TMS?

Answer 12

Inhibits folic acid synthesis
Bacteriocidal antibiotic
Time dependent

Question 13

What is the mechanism of action of aminolgycosides?

Answer 13

Inhibits bacteiral 30s ribosome, binds so effectively and irreversibly is bacterioCIDAL (remainder of ribosomal inhibitors are bacteristatic). Concentration dependent.

Question 14

Which antibiotics are synergistic with chloramphenicol?

Answer 14

Penicillins, tetracyclines (targets different ribosomal site)

Question 15

What antibiotics are synergistic with sulfonamides?

Answer 15

Beta lactam antibitoics

Question 16

Which antibiotics are renally excreted?

Answer 16

Beta lactams, vancomycin, aminoglycosides

Think of vancomycin and aminoglycosides as potential to cause nephrotoxicity

Question 17

Which beta lactam antibiotics have anaerobic coverage?

Answer 17

Beta lactamase inhibitors
2nd generation cephalosporins
Carbapenams

Other classes of antibiotics with anaerobic coverage include vancomycin, sulfonamides, metronidazole (ONLY anaerobic), tetracyclines, lincosamides, and phenicols

Question 18

Which two antibiotics accumulate in the prostate?

Answer 18

TMS and enrofloxacin

Question 19

What antibiotic class targets Mycobacterium?

Answer 19

Rifamycins

Question 20

Antibiotics that would target Mycoplasma?

Answer 20

Doxycycline, Fluoroquinolones, Macrolides (antibiotics that target DNA synthesis - mycoplasma lacks cell wall so inherently B lactam/vancomycin resistant)

Question 21

Antibiotics that concentrate in the bile?

Answer 21

Macrolides, Lincosamides

Question 22

In the treatment of osteomyelitis, which antibiotics will distribute to bone only to bind to calcium or other cations, rendering them ineffective?

Answer 22

Tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones