Appendicular Skeleton
- bones of upper and lower limbs
- bones that attach limbs to axial skeleton
Groups of appendicular skeleton
- bones located within limbs
- girdle bones: pelvic and pectoral
bones part of the pectoral girdle
- scapula (shoulder blade)
- clavicle (collarbone)
Define pectoral girdle
- bones that attach each upper limb to axial skeleton
- act as attachment sites for muscles
- can operate independently
role of scapula
anchor upper limb
What are the three regions of the upper limb?
- arm
- forearm
- hand
what bone makes up the arm?
humerus
which bones make up the forearm?
- ulna
- radius
which bones make up the hand?
- carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanges (phalanx)
Which bones make up the pelvic girdle?
paired coxal bones (hip bones)
which bones make up the bony pelvis?
- coxal bones (appendicular)
- sacrum (axial)
- coccyx (axial)
Characteristics of bony pelvis
- strongly united, immobile
- weight bearing
- important for stability
- provides foundation for upper body
what 3 bones are the coxal bones formed from?
- ilium
- ischium
- pubis
- fused together to form coxal bone
what are the three regions of the leg?
- thigh
- lower leg
- foot
which bone makes up the thigh?
Femur
Which bones make much the lower leg?
- tibia
- fibula
which bones make up the foot?
- tarsals
- metatarsals
- phalanges
What does the patella articulate with?
- articulates with FEMUR (patellar surface)
- not tibia
What is the role of the patella?
prevents rubbing of muscle tendon against distal femur
which bone is the main weight bearing bone in the leg?
tibia
What is the fibula mainly used for?
muscle attachments
Body weight transfer
- vertebral column
- pelvis
- tibia
- talus
- calcaneus
function of glenoid cavity of the scapula?
articulates w/ humerus to form glenohumeral joint
what part of the scapula forms the bony tip of the shoulder?
acromion of the scapula
