Cell Division

Question 1

Interphase

Answer 1

• cell is not dividing
• prepares for cell division
• Has G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and G0 phase

Question 2

G1 Phase

Answer 2

• part of interphase

- growth phase

Question 3

S Phase

Answer 3

• part of interphase
• Synthesis phase
• cell replicates its DNA, amount doubles
• two copies of each chromosome (92 chromatids)
• 8-10 hours

Question 4

G2 Phase

Answer 4

• part of interphase
• growth
• makes preparations for division
• 5 hrs

Question 5

G0 phase

Answer 5

• part of interphase
• cells stop dividing and resting
• resting phase

Question 6

sister chromatid

Answer 6

• a copy of a chromosome

- bound to other chromosome by centromere

Question 7

Centromere

Answer 7

• connect two sister chromatids

Question 8

Mitotic phase

Answer 8

• 1 to 2 hrs
• 4 stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
• contents of nucleus are pulled apart and distributed btwn the halves

Question 9

Prophase

Answer 9

• chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes
• nucleolus disappears
• centrosomes start to move to opposite sides of cell, microtubules start to extend out (mitotic spindle)

Question 10

late prophase

Answer 10

• aka “prometaphase”
• nuclear membrane disintegrated
• microtubules attach to centromeres

Question 11

Metaphase

Answer 11

• second stage of mitosis
• sister chromatids line up along linear plane in middle of cell
• metaphase plate forms btwn centrosomes
• mircotubules poised to pull apart sister chromatids, and pull each pair to side of cell

Question 12

Anaphase

Answer 12

• third phase of mitosis
• pairs of sister chromatids are separated
• individual chromosomes form
• each cell receives one part of each sister chromatids

Question 13

Telophase

Answer 13

• last stage of mitosis
• formation of two new nuclei
• chromosomes turn back into chromatin
• Nucleoli reappear
• mitotic spindle breaks apart
• cell starting to split

Question 14

cytokenesis

Answer 14

• cleavage furrow separates the cell
• two cells made
• one stem cell
• one functional cell

Question 15

cleavage furrow

Answer 15

• contractile band
• made up of microfilaments
• forms around midline of cell
• squeezes cell apart

Question 16

Stem cell

Answer 16

• enters own cell cycle

- grow and divide into more cells

Question 17

functional cell

Answer 17

• replaces old cell it came from (mitosis)