FMA Auto-throttle mode colors
Green - Active
White - Armed
Amber LIM - indicate that vertical speed and
target speed are incompatible with thrust rating available
Autopilot FMA Colors
Green - Active
Red - Failed
FGCS Lateral Modes
– ROLL – HDG – LNAV – LOC – BC – TRACK
FGCS Lateral and Vertical FMA mode colors
Green - manual
Magenta - FMS
White - active
FGCS Vertical Modes
– ALT – ASEL – FLCH – FPA – GA – GS – OVSP – TO – GP – PTH – VS – WSHR
When do F/Ds automatically turn on?
- TO/GA actuation
- manual selection of a vertical or lateral mode
- AP engagement
- Windshear Detection
How many channels and servos associate with the autopilot
- single autopilot
- dual channels (alternate in case of failure or after each landing)
- one servo for pitch control
- one servo for roll control
- one or two servos for rudder control
Non-normal disengagement of the autopilot
– AP button is pressed on the guidance panel;
– Either manual pitch trim switch is actuated;
– Either stick shaker is activated.
– Windshear escape guidance is activated
Abnormal disengagement of Autopilot
– Reversion of the fly-by-wire system to direct mode.
– Either the aileron or elevator control system is disconnected.
– A pilot input contrary to the autopilot is made on the controls with a
long time light force or a short time stronger force.
– Internal monitor failure.
What does FGCS command in Roll mode
– Bank angle at 6° or below: AP levels the wings.
– Bank angle above 6° and below 35°: AP holds present bank angle.
– Bank angle at 35° or above: AP maintains bank angle at 35º
When is LNAV engaged?
- LNAV armed and passing through 200’
- NAV selected above 200’
When is TRACK engaged?
- On takeoff above 100 knts and bank angle less than 3º for more than 10 sec
- During Go-Around when TOGA pressed
Basic lateral and vertical modes
Lateral - Roll
Vertical - FPA (except for T/O)
What determines TO pitch angle?
- FMS actual airplane weight
- Flap position
- V2 speed
TO Pitch angle logic
– All engines operating: V2 + 10 kt.
*The maximum speed target is Vfe - 5 kt and minimum speed
target is Vshaker + 10 kt for all engines operating.
– One engine inoperative:
– Engine failure below V2: guides V2
– Engine failure between V2 and V2 + 10 kt: guides present speed.
– Engine failure above V2 + 10 kt: guides V2 + 10 kt
* For one engine inoperative the minimum speed target is Vshaker + 3 kt.
- pitch is limited to a minimum of 8° and a maximum of
18°
Overspeed Protection
- With AP and AT engaged pitch and/or thrust will be adjusted to prevent overspeed
- amber OVSP on FMA
GA Login
Pitch - initial 8º (max 18º)
Speed Target:
- All Engine: Vref +20 (limited to shaker +10; max Vfe -5)
- OEI: Vac (limited to shaker +3)
Windshear guidance activation
Below 1500:
- Windshear cation or warning detected and TOGA pressed
- Windshear warning detected and thrust levers set to TOGA position
- Windshear warning detected and FD mode is TO or GA
VNAV sub modes
- VARM
- VFLCH
- VASEL
- VALT
- VGP
- VPATH
AT Lowspeed protection logic
Above 30,000’ (Flaps UP) - 2% above amber low speed awareness tape
20,000’ —> 30,000’ (Flaps UP) - linearly from 2% above LSA to 1.2Vs
Below 20,000’ (Flaps UP) - 1.2 Vs
Flaps 1 —> 5 (All altitudes) - 1.2 Vs
AT automatic disengagement
– after airplane touchdown – thrust levers beyond the TO/GA position – reverse thrust operation during RTO – difference in TLA greater than 8° – autothrottle failure.
When do ATs take over during Takeoff run
With ATs armed above 50º TLA
What happens when you press TCS button
- pressing and holding the TCS will momentarily override the AP
