1
Q
Genes that can be the target of genetic damage (4)
A
- Oncogenes
- Tumor suppressor genes
- DNS repair genes
- Telomer and telomerase (cell death)
2
Q
Epigenetic alterations involved in cancer development (2)
A
- DNA methylation
- Micro-RNA expression
3
Q
What are oncogenes?
A
genes that exist normal cells, that are highly regulated. They become oncogenic when uncontrolled
4
Q
Mechanisms of protooncogene-oncogene transformation
A
- Point mutation
- Promoter exchange
- Translocation at coding sequence (gene fusion)
- Gene amplification (too much signaling)
5
Q
Which protoconcogene is transformed by point mutation?
A
EGFR protoconcogene
6
Q
Which protooncogene is transformed by promoter exchange?
A
BCL2 protooncogene
7
Q
Which protooncogene is transformed by gene fusion?
A
BCR and ABL coding regions fusing together
8
Q
SIS protooncogene (3)
A
- growth factor function
- activated by increased expression
- causes osteosarcoma
9
Q
N-MYC (3)
A
- nuclear transcription factor
- activated by amplification
- causes neuroblastoma
