BCR

Question 1

Ce det > 70% din toate cazurile de BCR

Answer 1

1. DZ
2. HTA
3. Ateroscleroza

Question 2

De ce depinde rata de declin a functiei renale

Answer 2

1. Nefropatia de baza

2. Controlul HTA

Question 3

Efecte angiotensina II

Answer 3

1. Moduleaza pres capilara intragl si RFG
2. Vasoconstrictia arteriolelor postgl
3. Cresterea pres hidrostatice gl
4. Cresterea fractiei de filtrare
5. Stim prod de TGF beta si PAI-1

Question 4

Prognosticul BCR se coreleaza cu

Answer 4

1. HTA
2. Proteinurie
3. Gradul de lezare a interstitiului

Question 5

Mecanismele anemiei normocrome normocitare

Answer 5

1. Deficit de eritropoietina
2. Pierderi de sange
3. Afectare MO
4. Deficit vit si minerale
5. Distrugere crescuta eritrocite
6. IECA

Question 6

Agenti stimulatori ai eritropoiezei - ex, RA

Answer 6

1. Epoetina - alfa, beta; Darbepoetina alfa

2. RA: HTA, encefalopatie, orbire corticala tranzitorie

Question 7

Efecte FGF23

Answer 7

1. Fosfaturie
2. Inhiba 1alfa hidroxilaza renala
3. Scade capacitatea vit D de a abs fosfat intestinal

Question 8

Cel mai puternic predictor al mortalitatii in BCR

Answer 8

Nivelul crescut de FGF23

Question 9

Modif biochimice caract hiperparatiroidismului sec

Answer 9

1. Hipocalcemie
2. Hiperfosfatemie
3. Creste PTH
4. Creste FA

Question 10

Trat in reducerea fosforului si limitarea incarcaturii excesive cu Ca

Answer 10

1. Restrictie dietetica
2. Chelatori int de fosfor
3. Chelatori int de fosfor cu Al
4. Tenapanor

Question 11

Chelatori int de fosfor

Answer 11

Carbonat Sevelamer, carbonat de lantan, carbonat si acetat de Ca

Question 12

Trat in controlul PTH si obt unui nivel normal al Ca seric

Answer 12

1. Calcitrol (1,25-(OH2)D3)
   Analogi vit D3 - alfacalcidol
   Noii metaboliti ai vit D3 - oxacalcitrol, paricalcitol, doxercalciferol
2. Agenti calcimimetici - cinacalcet, etelcalcetid

Question 13

Factori de risc in boala cardiovasculara

Answer 13

1. HTA
2. DZ
3. Dislipidemia
4. Fumat
5. Barbati

Question 14

Factori de risc in aparitia calcificarilor

Answer 14

1. calciu x fosfor crescut
2. hiperparatiroidism
3. uremie
4. inflamatie

Question 15

Biopsia in FSN

Answer 15

Proliferarea fibrocitelor din derm cu depunere excesiva de colagen

Question 16

Medicamente nefrotoxice

Answer 16

1. tetracicline (exceptie doxi)
2. gentamicina
3. AINS
4. spironolactona, amilorid

Question 17

Debitul sangvin necesar unei dialize eficiente

Answer 17

250-450 ml/min

Question 18

Crearea fistulei arteriovenoase din

Answer 18

Artere radiala sau brahiala + vena cefalica

Question 19

Ce se utilizeaza daca nu putem folosi fistula

Answer 19

Cateter venos central tunelizat cu lumen dublu (longlife, semi-permanent) i venele jugulare sau femurale

Question 20

Simptome dializa ineficienta

Answer 20

Insomnie, prurit, astenie, sind picioarelor nelinistite, neuropatie senz perif

Question 21

Complicatii specifice dializa

Answer 21

1. Malfunctie, tromboza, sangerare pe abordul vasc
2. Bacteriemie / septicemie - artrita, endocardita, spondilodiscita
3. Dezechil de dializa -> edem cerebral
4. hTA intradialitica
5. Amiloidoza

Question 22

Simptome peritonita bacteriana

Answer 22

1. Febra
2. Durere abd
3. Drenaj lichid tulbure (>100 leucocite/mm3)

Question 23

Efecte adverse inhibitori de calcineurina

Answer 23

1. NEfrotoxicitate
2. HTA
3. DZ
4. Hirsutism
5. Virilizare

Question 24

Efecte adverse inhibitori ai sintezei de purina

Answer 24

1. Neutropenie
2. Pancitopenie
3. Afectare teste hepatice (AZA)
4. DIaree (MMF)

Question 25

Atc anti-CD25: ex, mecanism

Answer 25

Daclizumab, Basiliximab | Blocheaza rec pt IL-2

Question 26

Atc anti-Ly T ex

Answer 26

``` ATG = globulina anti timocite OKT3 = atc monoclonal anti CD3 ``` * Distrug Ly T

Question 27

Atc anti-CD52: ex, RA

Answer 27

Alemtuzumab | RA - Imunosupresie severa, risc de sepsis, malignitati

Question 28

Ce e Belatacept

Answer 28

Atc anti-B7

Question 29

Ce e Eculizumab + RA

Answer 29

Atc anti-C5a | RA - Infectii (meningita meningococica)

Question 30

Complicatii precoce post transplant

Answer 30

1. Disfunctia precoce 2. Necroza tubulara acuta 3. Rejetul acut 4. Infectii

Question 31

Complicatii tardive post transplant

Answer 31

1. Tulburari limfoproliferative 2. Tumori cutanate (trat imunosupresor) 3. Boli cardiovasculare 4. Osteoporoza 5. Recurenta bolii renale