Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland, Increase in both stromal and glandular components

Question 2

Symptoms

Answer 2

• Storage symptoms - frequency, urgency, nocturia, and incontinece
• voiding symptoms - hesistantct, poor stream, intermittency, terminal dribble and abdominal straining
• superimposed infection - dysuria and haematuria
• incomplete empthying and chronic or acute rention

Question 3

Signs

Answer 3

• smooth enalrgement of the prostate detected by digital rectal exmaintion
• possible palpable bladder is chronic retention
• always examine for neurological signs

Question 4

Diagnosis

Answer 4

• prostate symptom score to assess severity
• DRE and serum PSA measurement to assess for features of malignancy
• serum creatinine, urinalyisis in all patients
• urine flowmetry and residual volume estimation in those considered for intervention
• cystoscopy to exclude bladder disease
• TRUS

Question 5

Treatment

Answer 5

Watchful waiitng - LUTS not bothersome and no progression risk factors

alpha-blocker

• bothersome symptoms but low risk of siease progressin

5ARI

• bothersome symptoms and high risk of profession