light microscope
visible light is projected through the specimen
magnification
an increase in the object’s image size compared with its actual size
cell theory
states that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells
electron microscope
uses a beam of electrons to resolve objects 100x better resolution than light microscope
plasma membrane
regulates the traffic of molecules between the cell and its surroundings
cytosol
thick jelly like fluid in cells
chromosomes
carrying genes of DNA
ribosomes
build proteins according to the instructions of the genes
organelles
membrane enclosed structures that perform specific functions
Nucleoid
Prokaryotic cell’s region for DNA storage
nucleus
organelle that houses eukaryotic cells’ DNA and is surrounded by a double membrane
Cytoplasm
Interior of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Phospholipids
Have two fatty acid tails and phosphate group
extracellular matrix
a stick coat layer that holds cells together in tissues
cell junctions
structures that connect cells together into tissues
nuclear envelope
double membrane that separates the nucleus from cytoplasm
chromatin
DNA molecules and associated protein formed fibers
nucleolus
site where components of ribosomes are made
ribosomes
responsible for protein synthesis
endomembrane system
nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vacuoles
endoplasmic reticulum
manufacturing facility in cell
Golgi Apparatus
receives, refines, stores and distributes chemical products of the cell
lysosomes
membrane enclosed sac of digestive enzymes in animal cells
vacuoles
large sacs of membrane that bud ER, Golgi apparatus, or plasma membrane
