Carbon
A molecule with 6 protons and can form 4 covalent bonds
Functional groups
The parts of an organic molecule that are involved in chemical reactions
Hydroxyl
—OH
Carbonyl
—COH or —CO—
Carboxyl
—COOH
Amino
—NH2
Sulfhydryl
—SH
Phosphate
—PO4
Methyl
—CH3
Isomer
Same molecule but different shape
Monomer
A single unit of a molecule
Polymer
Multiple monomers
Major biomolecular polymer classes
Lipids, Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids
Dehydration synthesis
The joining of monomers by removing water
Hydrolysis
The breaking apart of polymers through use of water