Biological: Behavior

Question 1

Contralateral Control

Answer 1

• left brain controls right body and right brain controls left body.
• Basically true for all of your senses. [This doesn’t apply to smell: which is ipsilateral (same side)

Question 2

Temporal Cortex

Answer 2

• sound, Wernicke’s area
• Is where auditory processing occurs.
• Use “Tempo” as your mnemonic and picture a metronome in your ear (where your temporal lobe)

Question 3

Occipital Lobe

Answer 3

• vision
• Use the “Occ” of the word Occipital and imagine an octopus
• Occipital Lobe processes visual information, picture eyeballs instead of suckers on the tentacles.

Question 4

Parietal Lobe

Answer 4

• somatosensory cortex (touch/pressure/pain), spatial manipulation (orient in 3D)

Question 5

Frontal Lobe

Answer 5

• motor cortex (body movements), prefrontal cortex (executive function, surprise/direct other areas of brain), Broca’s area (speech production)

Question 6

Dominant Hemispheres

Answer 6

• Left hemisphere is dominant for vast majority of people.
• Domain hemisphere: language, math

Question 7

Non-Dominant Hemisphere

Answer 7

• emotional tone of language, if people are happy/sad/anxious, creativity, music, special processing, big picture concepts.

Question 8

Cerebellum

Answer 8

• involved in helping you maintain balance.
• Picture a tight walker using bells for balance

Question 9

Brainstem

Answer 9

• Connects all parts of the brain together, including the cranial nerves.
• Includes Midbrain, pons, medulla

Question 10

Pons

Answer 10

• is part of the brain that regulates walking and relaxing
• The pons is activated when you look at calming, relaxing pond
• Put the “d” at the end of pon.

Question 11

Reticular Formation

Answer 11

• the reticular formation is involved in motivation and alertness
• Use “tickle” as your mnemonic.
• If you were asleep and someone tickled you, your reticular formation would wake you up

Question 12

Medulla

Answer 12

• regulates the autonomic activity of the heart and lungs

Question 13

Corpus Collosum

Answer 13

• connects the two hemispheres

Question 14

Basal Ganglia

Answer 14

• major role in motor functions, don’t have UMNs but help motor areas to perform proper movements. Also cognition + emotion.

Question 15

Hypothalamus

Answer 15

• controls the pituitary gland, the master gland that controls all other glands in body.

Question 16

Neurotransmitter: GABA

Answer 16

• most common inhibitory

Question 17

Neurotransmitter: Glutamate

Answer 17

• most common excitatory neurotransmitter. Reticular activating system (required for consciousness – midbrain structures) has diffuse projection of glutamate to the cerebral cortex. [GLU is exciting]

Question 18

Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine

Answer 18

• involved in helping you contract your muscles.

Question 19

Neurotransmitter: Serotonin

Answer 19

• low levels of serotonin in the brain is associated with depresion.

Question 20

Neurotransmitter: Dopamine

Answer 20

• low levels are associated with Parkinson;s disease.
• High levels are associated with schizophrenia.

Question 21

Neurotransmitter: Endorphins

Answer 21

• involved in blocking pain sensations and in producing “runner’s high”