biosecurity

Question 2

What is one of the most challenging areas of biosecurity

Answer 2

Disease control

Question 3

Define biosecurity

Answer 3

the prevention of infection entering a pig farm, however it also involves disease management within swine herd.

Question 4

Excluding disease from a herd

Answer 4

… is nearly impossible because of the natural presence of the pathogen in all swine herd.

Question 5

Goal of Biosecurity program

Answer 5

… is to keep away pathogens that the herd has not been exposed to, while also minimizing the effects of endemic pathogens.

Question 6

Key elements of Biosecurity plan (3)

Answer 6

location, facilities and flow, and introduction of new animals into herd.

Question 7

Describe location and why it’s important

Answer 7

The farm’s geographic location is crucial, as is wind direction, and swine should as far as possible to other herd with a goal be kept 1.5 miles between operation.

Question 8

Wind direction and pathogens correlation

Answer 8

The wind can help spread pathogens further

Question 9

what is the risk of having a farm on flat land

Answer 9

without trees or other protection from the wind provides a greater risk for the spread of disease.

Question 10

how far should swine facilities be from one another

Answer 10

at least 100 yards from other animals or public roads to minimize exposure from animals in transit.

Question 11

How far apart should facilities on the same farm be

Answer 11

at least 50 yards apart.

Question 12

what should surround the farm location

Answer 12

Chain – linked fence should surround the perimeter of the operation to exclude animals and people. There should also be a sign on fence to indicate Biosecurity Policy is in place.

Question 13

where should the office be located

Answer 13

The office and main entrance should be located near the fence/perimeter.

Question 14

Employee contact with pigs

Answer 14

Employees should not live on another pig farm or have contact with pigs outside of the farm that they work.

Question 15

Why should a kitchen be included on the farm

Answer 15

to prevent employees from leaving the facilities during the work day.

Question 16

Visitor contact with pigs

Answer 16

Visitors should be kept at minimum, and should have no pig contact for at least twenty-four hours before arriving at the unit.

Question 17

Sign-in book purpose

Answer 17

A sign-in book for visitors should be maintained. The purpose is to keep a running record of anyone who has been in contact with the herd so that if there is an outbreak of disease, traceability will be possible.

Question 18

Showering before entering

Answer 18

All employees and visitors should shower in before entering the facilities. The shower should be located such that no entry into the building is possible without first taking shower.

Question 19

Daily chores order

Answer 19

Daily chores should be completed in order of highest health status to lowest health status.

Question 20

Movement restriction

Answer 20

People’s movement should be restricted as much as possible to and within the farm. And they should maintain high level of hygiene.

Question 21

Pig flow

Answer 21

Pig flow should be sequential, as a group during their different production stages in an ‘all in’ or ‘all out’ manner. All-in/all-out flow is the concept of moving pigs of same age at the same time.

Question 22

Cleaning facilities

Answer 22

Thoroughly clean facility after pigs have been removed and allow minimum of 8 hours for the cleaned and disinfected area to dry before new animals are moved into the facility.

Question 23

Housing different age pigs

Answer 23

Newborn, weaned, feeder and breeding pigs need to be housed separately because of the different health and biosecurity levels for each age group and stage of production of this pigs.

Question 24

Age spread in a group

Answer 24

Age spread in a group should be about 14 days maximum.

Question 25

Insect and rodent screening

Answer 25

Facilities should be well screened from insects and rodents with high level of cleanliness maintained.

Question 26

Load-out facilities location

Answer 26

Load-out facilities should be located on the perimeter or outside of fence to prevent non-farm vehicle accessing the farm.

Question 27

Personnel movement

Answer 27

Farm personnel should not exit, nor animals re-enter the building.

Question 28

Clean-out of load-out facilities

Answer 28

Advisable to do clean-out of load-out facilities at the end of the day.

Question 29

Sick pens

Answer 29

Sick pens should be created to isolate sick pigs.

Question 30

Post-mortem examination

Answer 30

Post–mortem examination should be carried out in case of sickness in the herd.

Question 31

Mortality disposal regulations

Answer 31

Where there is mortality, State’s regulation for animal disposal should be followed.

Question 32

Feed bin installation

Answer 32

Feed bin should be installed, and feed supplied in the mornings while feed truck is cleaned in the evenings.

Question 33

Waste removal

Answer 33

On-farm personnel should remove the waste with farm truck, otherwise clean outside source can be used.

Question 34

New breeding animals source

Answer 34

All new breeding animals should come from same source using a genetic pyramid production system.

Question 35

Artificial insemination risk

Answer 35

Using artificial insemination is less risky, however, semen should be sourced from a boar stud with biosecurity program in place.

Question 36

Isolation of new animals

Answer 36

New animals should first be isolated for a minimum of 30 days, and isolation facilities should be 500 yards from main herd.

Question 37

Health checks during isolation

Answer 37

During isolation, health checks should be carried out on animals e.g., for pseudorabies (PRV), brucellosis, myoblasts etc.

Question 38

Acclimation of new animals

Answer 38

Acclimation should be done for the new animals at the isolation facilities.

Question 39

Vaccination of new animals

Answer 39

Animals should be vaccinated.