nervous system

Question 1

What are the four basic parts of a pig’s nervous system?

Answer 1

Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system

Question 2

What forms the Central Nervous System?

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

What is the function of the Central Nervous System?

Answer 3

Acts as the body’s control center, coordinates body activities

Question 4

What does the Peripheral Nervous System consist of?

Answer 4

All the nerves that carry messages to and from the central nervous system

Question 5

How do the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System work together?

Answer 5

They make rapid changes in the pig’s body in response to stimuli

Question 6

What is a neuron?

Answer 6

The basic unit of structure and function in the nervous system

Question 7

What are the three main parts of a neuron?

Answer 7

Dendrites, cell body, axon

Question 8

What is the role of dendrites in a neuron?

Answer 8

Receive impulses and carry them toward the cell body

Question 9

What is the role of the axon in a neuron?

Answer 9

Carries impulses away from the cell body

Question 10

How many types of neurons are there?

Answer 10

Three types

Question 11

What are the three types of neurons?

Answer 11

• Sensory Neurons
• Interneurons
• Motor Neurons

Question 12

What is the first step in the impulse transmission process when the pig is touched?

Answer 12

Receptors in the skin sense touch or other stimuli

Question 13

What occurs after sensory neurons transmit the touch message?

Answer 13

Information is sorted and interpreted in the brain

Question 14

What role do interneurons play in impulse transmission?

Answer 14

Determine a response and pass it on to motor neurons

Question 15

What is the last step in the sequence of events when someone taps a pig at the back?

Answer 15

The back muscles are activated, causing the head to turn or the pig to move forward

Question 16

What happens during depolarization in impulse transmission?

Answer 16

A change in charge due to sodium ions creates a wave of changing charges down the axon

Question 17

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 17

Substances that help impulses move across the synapse

Question 18

What are the three main sections of the brain?

Answer 18

• Cerebrum
• Cerebellum
• Brainstem

Question 19

What does the cerebrum control?

Answer 19

Memory, intelligence, muscles

Question 20

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 20

Controls balance, posture, and coordination

Question 21

What does the brainstem control?

Answer 21

Involuntary activities such as breathing

Question 22

What is the spinal cord?

Answer 22

Part of the CNS that extends from the brain through the spinal canal

Question 23

What is the primary function of the spinal cord?

Answer 23

Transmit electrical impulses from the brain to branches of nerves

Question 24

What is the role of the Peripheral Nervous System?

Answer 24

Transmits electrical impulses throughout the body

Question 25

What is the difference between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?

Answer 25

Somatic is voluntary, autonomic is involuntary

Question 26

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

Answer 26

* Heartbeat * Movement of the muscular wall of the digestive system * Hormonal systems * Excretory system

Question 27

What enables the pig to perform conscious activities?

Answer 27

The cerebrum

Question 28

What happens if the cerebellum is injured?

Answer 28

The pig's movements become jerky

Question 29

define dendrite

Answer 29

extensions that recieve impulses and bring them to the cell body

Question 30

define axon

Answer 30

single extension that carries stimuli away from the cell body

Question 31

explain the five step of sensing a touch

Answer 31

1. receptors in skin sense stimuli 2. sensory neurons transmit touch through messages 3. info is stored and interpreted in brain, interneurons determine response 4. motor neurons transmit response to the back muscles 5. bad muscles activate causing head to turn or pig to move forward

Question 32

describe the peripheral nervous system

Answer 32

where nerves go through brain and spinal cord, and transmit electrical impulses **voluntary**

Question 33

What does the Central Nervous System help coordinate?

Answer 33

body's control

Question 34

The Peripheral Nervous System consists of what?

Answer 34

nerves within the CNS

Question 35

Draw a neuron and label the axon, dendrite and cell body.

Answer 35

Question 36

Compare and contrast the roles of the cerebellum and brain stem in the pig.

Answer 36

cerebellum- develops muscle coordination and physical skills Brain stem- involuntary activities, connects sections of the brain