Bits And Bobs

Question 1

Name all the main red flags

Answer 1

Unexplained weight loss
Fever,night sweats
Severe constant pain
History of cancer
Prolonged use of steroids
Numbness/anaesthesia

Question 2

Name all the main yellow flags?

Answer 2

Anxiety/depression
Catastrophizing
Pooor adherence to exercise programmes
Fear of movement
Low mood
Over reliance on physio for help
Lack of social and family support.

Question 3

What is a deltoid ligament and where is it located?

Answer 3

Strong fan shaped ligament that connects the tibia to the tarsal bones.

Medial side of the ankle

Question 4

What are the attachment points of the deltoid ligament

Answer 4

Originates:medial malleolus

Inserts:talus,navicular,calcaneous bones

Question 5

What is the function of the deltoid ligament?

Answer 5

Prevents eversion of the foot

Stabilizes the medial aspect of the foot

Resists valfgius stress and lateral displacement of the talus

Question 6

What is the mostly common mechanism of injury of the deltoid ligament?

Answer 6

Forced eversion of the the foot

Question 7

What is a clinical test for the deltoid ligament?

Answer 7

Eversion stress test

Question 8

What is the ATFL and where is it located?

Answer 8

A ligament that runs from the anterior fibula onto the neck of the talus

Lateral side of ankle

Question 9

What is the function of the ATFL?

Answer 9

Restrains anterior movement of the talus on the tibia

Tightens during plantar flexion

Resists inversion during plantar flexion

Question 10

What is the mostly common injury common mechanist of injury for the ATFL?

Answer 10

Inversion+plantar flexion Resists

Question 11

What is a clinical test for the ATFL?

Answer 11

Anterior draw

If there is excessive anterior glide that is a positive test

Question 12

What is the CFL and where us located

Answer 12

A ligament that runs from the trip of the lateral malleolus onto the lateral surface of the calcaneous

It is located on the lateral side of the ankle

Question 13

What is the function of the CFL?

Answer 13

Resists inversion in dorsi flexion

Stabilizes subtalar joints and Talocrucal joint

Question 14

what is the most common mechanism of injury for a CFL?

Answer 14

Sever inversion sprains

Question 15

What is the clinical test for the CFL?

Answer 15

Talar tilt test

Question 16

What is a PTFL and where is it located?

Answer 16

Strongest lateral ligament of the lateral ankle.

It runs from the posterior fibula onto the posterior talus

Question 17

What is the function of the PTFL?

Answer 17

Resists posterior displacement of the talus

Stabilizes able during dorsi flexion

Question 18

What is the most common mechanism of injury of a PTFL?

Answer 18

Severe dislocations

Question 19

What are the clinical test for a PTFL?

Answer 19

High ankle dislocations and posterior talar translation

Question 20

What are menisci ?

Answer 20

Two c shaped cartilage discs that sit between the femoral condyles and tibia plateau

Question 21

How many menisci per knee?

Answer 21

Two: lateral and medial

Question 22

What are there function?

Answer 22

Shock absorption
Stability
Lubrication and nutrition
Propriception

Question 23

Most common mechanism of injury is…?

Answer 23

Twisting when the knee is flexed and the foot is planted.

Question 24

What are the 5 cardinal signs

Answer 24

Redness
Heat
Swelling
Pain
Loss of function

Question 25

Name a few red flags of cancer?

Answer 25

Unexplained weight loss Unexplained fatigue Loss of appetite Night pain Night sweats Non medical pain Bone pain tenderness

Question 26

What are contraindications of mobilisations?

Answer 26

Acute fractures/suspected fractures Active inflammatory arthritis Effusion Bone Malignancy/cancerous tissues Severe osteoporosis Unstable joints

Question 27

What is the talocural joint and what bones are involved that make up the joint?

Answer 27

Synovial hinge joint tibia and fibula and the talus

Question 28

What movement does the talocural joint perform?

Answer 28

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

Question 29

What is the talocural joints function ?

Answer 29

Weight bearing

Question 30

What ligaments hellp hold the bones together and can be injured by being sprained?

Answer 30

Medial collateral ligament Lateral collateral ligament

Question 31

What are the contraindications of massages?

Answer 31

Open wounds Acute inflammation Reign of a DVT Skin conditions Suspected malignancy Active bone growth