Fractures

Question 1

What is a fracture ?

Answer 1

A break in the continuity of bone

Question 2

What are the different causes for fractures?

Answer 2

Diseased bone
Pathological
Twisted/crushed
Overuse
Muscle over contracting

Question 3

Name the different types of fractures?

Answer 3

Closed/open
Compound
Greenstick
Spiral
Comminuted
Torus/buckle
Transverse
Depressed
Compression
Dislocation/subluxation
Avulsion

Question 4

What are the clinical signs and symptoms of a fracture?

Answer 4

Pain
Loss of function
Deformity
Shortening
Crepitus
Swelling
Discolouration

Question 5

What is the radiological investigations for a fracture?

Answer 5

X ray
CT scan
MRI scan

Question 6

What is the management for a fracture?

Answer 6

Reduction
External/internal fixation
Immobilization

Question 7

What are the complications of fracture?

Answer 7

Death
Visceral injury
Soft tissue injuries
Shock
Fat embolism
Compartment syndrome

Question 8

What are the stages of fracture healing

Answer 8

Inflammation-stage of hematoma/stage of granulation

Reparative-woven bone becomes calcified

Remodelling-excess material inside bone is replaced with more compact bone

Question 9

What factors affect bone healing for fractures?

Answer 9

Age
Soft tissue trauma
Bone loss due to severity of the fracture
Inadequate immobilisation
Infection
Avascular necrosis