Bleeding Disorders

Question 1

What is hemophilia?

Answer 1

A group of rare hereditary bleeding disorders in which the blood does not clot properly

Question 2

What is the most common Hemophilia?

Answer 2

Hemophilia A

Question 3

Which hemophilia affects both genders?

Answer 3

Hemophilia C

Question 4

Sex-Linked Genetic Disorders:

Answer 4

Genetic disorders that are caused by a gene on the sex chromosome

Question 5

What is it called when there’s a series of proteins that are used by the human body to form a blood clot?

Answer 5

Clotting Cascade

Question 6

If ANY of the clotting factors are missing from the clotting cascade, the body will not clot properly. (T/F)

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?

Answer 7

Factor VIII

Question 8

What factor is deficient in Hemophilia B?

Answer 8

Factor IX

Question 9

What factor is deficient in Hemophilia C?

Answer 9

Factor XII

Question 10

A female carrier of the hemophilia A allele marries a male who is not a hemophiliac. What are the odds of being a hemophiliac for each of their children?

Answer 10

Males have a 50% chance of being a hemophiliac, females have a 0% chance of being a hemophiliac.

Question 11

Jake has hemophilia B. He marries Melissa who is not a hemophiliac and is not a carrier. What are the odds of being a hemophiliac for each of their children?

Answer 11

Males will receive a Y chromosome from their father, so none of the male children will receive the hemophilia B allele because it is on the father’s X chromosome. Therefore, none of the male children will be hemophiliacs. However, all female children will receive the hemophilia B allele with the X chromosome from their father. But females get a second X chromosome from their mother, and since the mother has two ‘normal’ copies of the allele, each female child will receive one hemophilia B allele from their father and one ‘normal’ allele from their mother

Question 12

Which of the following is the MOST effective and safest current treatment for hemophiliacs?

Answer 12

Concentrated recombinant DNA clotting factors produced from cells grown in a laboratory

Question 13

A blood disorder in which there are too many red blood cells?

Answer 13

Polycythemia

Question 14

Polycythemia Vera (Primary Polycythermia):

Answer 14

Caused by a problem with the bone marrow which causes an overproduction in cells

Question 15

What gene is involved in Polycythemia Vera?

Answer 15

JAK2 gene

Question 16

Secondary Plycythemia:

Answer 16

Caused by an increased production of erythropoietin resulting in an overproduction of RBC

Question 17

What hormone is produced in the kidneys that increases RBC production when oxygen levels are low?

Answer 17

Erythropoietin

Question 18

Symptoms of Polycythemia:

Answer 18

-Fatigue
-Shortness of breath
-Headache
-Dizziness
-Weakness
-Joint pain
-Itchiness following a warm bath

Question 19

Alan has been diagnosed with asthma, a condition in which breathing is impaired and this less oxygen reaches the blood. Which of the following physiological processes could occur due to asthma?

Answer 19

The body will produce erythropoietin to stimulate the production of red blood cells.