Bristol Flashcards

Question

why has high-tech ind. developed in Bristol | 3

Answer 1

- £100M gov. grant -> Super-Connected City (80Mbps broadband download speed) - a large educated & skilled workforce - advanced research w/local unis

Answer 2

Aardman Animations Hewlett-Packard Toshiba Huawei

Answer 3

Brunel's Engine Shed is a re-used listed building. A new £1.7 million Innovation Centre is now built here, home to high-tech low-carbon companies: - 18 high-tech companies - 44 companies using the facilities - a company developing the next gen. of wifi - ultra-fast digital network provided by Bristol Gigabit.

Answer 4

* Set up in 1972 * Well known studio (Wallace and Gromit), clay films * Computer animation market * Won Oscars

Answer 5

* 30% jobs in financial sector (employs 35k ppl) * supported by strong links w/unis * Lloyds Bank - HQ is part of regen. in Bristol Docks area

Answer 6

* 14/15 main global aircraft companies found in Bristol (Airbus, GKN Aerospace) * Dev.s like Filton Enterprise Area - established hubs for aviation tech; makes aircraft parts, electronic systems etc. * Aerospace courses at local universities available.

Answer 7

* +20k ppl commute by car to Bristol * only 11% use public transport * 2nd most congested city in UK (2012)

Answer 8

- improve accessiblity to, and within, the city -> reduces traffic congestion -> reduces transport costs -> improves profitability of city's industries + increase employment opportunities within Bristol

Answer 9

* Metrobus rapid transit system (launched in 2018) - connects suburban housing areas w/retail parks, motorway junc.s, railway stations, unis * Metrowest subruban rail scheme links w/areas surrounding city * New cycle routeways link w/Temple Quarter Enterprise Zone (57% walk and cycle)

Answer 10

* as population has grown, there is an increasing need to create green space for recreation and health * huge demand 4 parks, wildlife areas, allotments and woodland * reduces pollution from all the new development * absorbs water to reduce flood risk

Answer 11

- +90% of the population live within 350m of parkland or waterways - 8 nature reserves - +400 parks in the city - Queen Square was once a dual carriageway, but now has been transformed into an open space with cycle routes

Answer 12

urban deprivation inequalities in: * housing * education * health * employment

Answer 13

* following bomb dmg in WW2, many inner-city residents re-housed in S. suburbs like Filwood. * Today, many of the council-run estates and high-rise flats are in urgent need of modernisation.

Answer 14

15% of city's residents (+70k) live in some of the the most deprived areas in England

Answer 15

surge in demand -> house prices in Bristol rose by up to 50% 13k families on council waiting list to be rehoused (2020)

Answer 16

Redland Ward - 65.0 avg 8 GCSE attainment score Filwood - 34.0 ## Footnote occurs due to urban deprivation

Answer 17

Filwood - 31% w/health conditions Clifton - 25% ## Footnote caused by wealth inequalities and urban deprivation

Answer 18

* stoke bishop - 3% unemployment * filwood - 1/3 ppl aged 16-24 unemployed; +1/2 long-term unemployed or hv never worked ## Footnote caused by of low levels of educational attainment in deprived wards - they lack the necessary skills to benefit from the employment prospects.

Answer 19

* dereliction * building on brownfield and greenfield sites * waste disposal

Answer 20

* after deindustrialisation in 1960s & 1970s and dev. of post-ind. economy based on high-tech and other service ind.s, many industries in city centre (which was where port of Bristol was) became abandoned as port was moved downstream to Avonmouth. * former ind. areas may be polluted w/ dangerous substances - £ to clean up Examples: * Stokes Croft * Finzels Reach

Answer 21

costly - clearing waste, decontaminating polluted land, constructing modern infrastructure (water, electricity, internet access) Finzels Reach is a redeveloped brownfield site.

Answer 22

planning permission can take many years only 5% new developments on greenfield land (2015-2020) largest greenfield development - Bradley Stoke (1980s)

Answer 23

* Bristol population growing ~1%/yr * waste recycling has reduced amount of domestic waste by ~8% to 462kg/household (2019) * despite this, city still generates ~140k tonnes of rubbish/yr

Answer 24

the waste that cannot be recycled (54k tonnes) taken to a Mechanical Biological Treatment plant at Avonmouth where food waste is converted to methane-rich biogas

Answer 25

* Bristol population growing ~1%/yr (+migration from UK + abroad) * demolition of older areas of slum housing * Bristol was heavily bombed in WW2 - +3.2k houses lost, 1.8k badly damaged * new council homes built in the S. suburbs like Filwood * shortage of affordable housing in city centre * competition for land in city centre on brownfield sites (ind. retail, office) - causing land prices to rise steeply * improvements to transport infrastructure, enabling ppl to commute into city centre * many ppl wishing to live in less polluted, quieter semi-rural areas

Answer 26

* 1966 - Bristol and Bath Green Belt approved * Green belt land is protected from new dev.s by strict planning regulations

Answer 27

* transport links around the city, including the M32, M4, M5 and M49 motorways * Cribbs Causeway (out-of-town retail park, next to M5) * modern ind. estates (e.g. Aztec West - near M4-M5 junction) * Ashton Court golf course

Answer 28

* 1200 homes to meet shortage of housing * increase noise * increase road congestion * destroy habitats * increase flood risk * loss of open space - mental health

Answer 29

* some live in the immediate rural-urban fringe but others travel considerable distances, living in Weston-super-Mare (look at map) * since tolls on Severn Bridge abolished in 2018, more ppl choosing to live in S. Wales - property prices lower

Bristol Flashcards

(53 cards)