NAPLEX > Calculations > Flashcards

Calculations Flashcards

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1
Q

1 teaspoon = __ ml

A

5 ml

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2
Q

1 tbsp = ___ ml

A

15 ml

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3
Q

1 fl oz = ___ ml

A

30 ml

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4
Q

1 cup = ___ oz
____ ml

A

8 oz
240 ml

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5
Q

1 pint = ___ oz
____ ml

A

16 oz
480 ml

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6
Q

1 quart = ___ pints
____ ml

A

2 pints
960 ml

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7
Q

1 gallon = ____ quarts
____ ml

A

4 quarts
3840 ml

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8
Q

1 kg =____ lbs

A

2.2 lbs

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9
Q

1 oz = ____ grams

A

28.4 g

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10
Q

1 lb = _____ grams
—— oz

A

454 g
16 oz

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11
Q

1 grain = ___ mg

A

65 mg

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12
Q

1 inch = ___ cm

A

2.54 cm

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13
Q

1 meter = ____ cm

A

100 cm

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14
Q

1 mEq K+, Na+, other monovalent = ___ mmol

A

1 mmol

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15
Q

1 mEq Ca++ and other divalent = ___ mmol

A

0.5 mmol

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16
Q

how to convert ppm to % strength

A

decimal left 4

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17
Q

how to convert % strength to ppm

A

decimal right 4

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18
Q

specific gravity =

A

weight of substance (g) / weight of equal volume of water (g)

or just g/mL

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19
Q

concentration if pure? diluent?

A

pure - 100%
diluent - 0%

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20
Q

osmolatiRITY
number of dissociation particles of DEXTROSE AND MANNITOL

A

1

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21
Q

osmolatiRITY
number of dissociation particles of KCL, NACL, SODIUM ACETATE, MAGNESIUM SULFATE

A

2

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22
Q

osmolatiRITY
number of dissociation particles of CACL2

A

3

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23
Q

osmolatiRITY
number of dissociation particles of SODIUM CITRATE

A

4

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24
Q

1 dissociated ion
i = ____

A

1

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25
2 dissociated ion i = ____
1.8
26
3 dissociated ion i = ____
2.6
27
4 dissociated ion i = ____
3.4
28
5 dissociated ion i = ____
4.2
29
E =
(58.5)(i) / (drug MW)(1.8)
30
mols = mmols =
mols = g/MW mmol = mg/MW
31
compounds with valence 1
ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium gluconate, sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride
32
compounds with valence 2
calcium carbonate, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, lithium carbonate, magnesium sulfate (divalent cations have chelation rxns, 2 valence)
33
mEq =
mg x valence / MW
34
TEE =
BEE x activity factor x stress factor
35
calories from carbs
4kcal/g
36
calories from fat
9kcal/g
37
calories from protein
4 kcal/g
38
carbPN formula kcal/gram of dextrose monohydrate
3.4 kcal/g
39
carb PN formula kcal/gram of glycerol/glycerin
4.3 kcal/g
40
protein PN formula kcal/gram of amino acid solutions
4ckcal/g
41
lipid PN formula kcal/ml of ILE 10%
1.1 kcal/ml
42
lipid PN formula kcal/ml of ILE 20%
2 kcal/ml
43
lipid PN formula kcal/ml of ILE 30%
3 kcal/ml
44
1 gram of nitrogen = ___ g of protein
6.25 g
45
nitrogen intake =
g protein intake / 6.25
46
nonprotein calories (NPC) =
total nonprotein calories / g of N
47
brand amino acid solutions
aminosyn, freamine, travasol, trophamine, clinisol
48
if lipids are given once weekly, divide by 7 to get
daily amount of lipid
49
hang time limit for ILE infusion alone and why
infection risk limit 12 hours
50
meds formulated in lipid emulsion that provide calories
propofol, clevidipine
51
sodium is extracellular cation what are 3 types? which to use in acidosis
chloride, acetate, phosphate acetate in acidosis
52
potassium is intracellular cation what are 2 types? reference range
chloride, phosphate 3.5-5 meq/l
53
do Na phosphate and potassium phosphate provide equivalent amounts of phosphate?
no
54
if albumin is low, serum calcium will be
falsely low
55
PN tips to avoid phosphate and calcium precipitation
use Ca gluconate add phosphate first added together should not exceed 45 mEq/L proper pH refrigerate
56
EN formula brands
ensure, osmolite, jevity, glucerna, novasource
57
most common risk of tube feeding
aspiration
58
to prevent drug and feed interactions
hold feeds 1 hour before and 1-2 hours after drug admin
59
drug nutrient interactions with feeds warfarin
hold feed 1 hour before 1 hour after
60
drug nutrient interactions with feeds tetracyclines, quinolones, levothyroxine
will chelate separate
61
drug nutrient interactions with feeds ciprofloxacin
suspension not compatible with feeds, use IR tablets crush and mix
62
drug nutrient interactions with feeds phenytoin
levels reduced, separate from feeds by 2 hours
63
BMI (kg/m2) =
weight (kg) / height (m2) if using lbs & inches, multiply by 703 to convert
64
normal healthy BMI
18.5-24.9
65
IBW males = females =
male 50 + 2.3 (number inches over 5 feet) fem 45.5 + 2.3 (number inches over 5 feet)
66
weight to use for drug dosing if UNDERWEIGHT
TBW
67
weight to use for drug dosing if NORMAL, WEIGHT, OVERWEIGHT, OBESE
TBW for most drugs
68
weight to use for drug dosing for ACYCLOVIR, AMINOPHYLLINE, THEOPHYLLINE, LEVOTHYROXINE
TBW > IBW ---> use IBW
69
weight to use for drug dosing for AMINOGLYCOSIDES
overweight -- TBW or IBW obesity -- if TBW >120% IBW use AdjBW
70
what BUN:SCr indicates dehydration
>20:1
71
Cockcroft gault CrCl (mL/min) =
[(140 - age) / (72 *SCr)] * wt in kg (*0.85 if fem)
72
pH if acidosis or alkalosis
low pH <7.35= acidosis high pH >7.45 = alkalosis
73
respiratory CO2 of alkalosis or acidosis
low CO2 <35 = alkalosis high CO2 >45 = acidosis
74
metabolic HCO3 if alkalosis or acidosis
low HCO3 <22 = acidosis high HCO3 >26= alkalosis
75
anion gap = used when?
= Na - Cl - HCO3 if metabolic acidosis
76
causes of anion gap acidosis (metabolic acidosis) CUTE DIMPLES
cyanide uremia toluene ethanol DKA isoniazid methanol propylene glycol lactic acidosis ethylene glycol salicylates also diarrhea
77
causes of metabolic alkalosis
diuretics, vomiting
78
causes of respiratory acidosis
COPD, hyperventilation, opioid overdose
79
causes of respiratory alkalosis
hyperventilation, hypoxia
80
pH > pKa then
ionized (basic) form higher in concentration
81
pH = pKa then
ionized and unionized concentrations are equal
82
pH < pKa then
unionized (acidic) form higher in concentration
83
ionized vs unionized which is soluble? which can cross lipid membranes
soluble - ionized cross membranes - unionized
84
henderson hasselbach - WEAK ACID pH =
pka + log [(conj base) / (acid)]
85
henderson hasselbach - WEAK BASE pH =
(pkw - pkb) + log [(base) / (conj acid)] or pka + log [(base) / (conj acid)]
86
% elemental calcium of CALCIUM CARBONATE acid dependent absorption, take with meals
40%
87
% elemental calcium of CALCIUM CITRATE acid independent absorption, take with or without food
21%
88
what type of calcium is NOT used for calcium replacement
calcium acetate
89
aminophylline to theophylline conversion ATM
Amino to Theo = Multiple by 0.8 Theo to Amino = divide by 0.8
90
ANC if neutropenia
<1000 cells/mm3
91
ANC if severe neutropenia
<500 cells/mm3
92
ANC (cells/mm3)= neutrophils = PMNs = segs
WBC x [(%segs + %bands) / 100]
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