Cardio

Question 1

Tamponade: ECG findings

Answer 1

Sinus Tachycardia
Low voltage
Electrical alternans: beat to beat alterations in QRS (swinging heart)

Question 2

Pericarditis: investigations

Answer 2

IMs: WBC CRP ESR
CK, Trop
ECG
CXR
Echo

Question 3

Pericarditis: ECG 4 stages

Answer 3

1) ST elevation, PR depression
2) Normal ST/PR
3) Diffuse T wave inversion
4) Normal ECG

1) Hours- days
2) first week
3) subacute
4) well…

Question 4

ECG: BER vs pericarditis

Answer 4

Question 5

Criteria: pericarditis diagnosis

Answer 5

At least 2 of 4:

1) Pericariditis chest pain
2) Pericardial Rub
3) New wide ST elevation or PR depression
4) Pericardial effusion

Bonus: Elevated IMs or pericardial inflammation on MRI/CT

Question 6

Long QTc Syndrome: ECG findings

Question 7

Causes of long QT other than congenital

Question 8

Match OD and ECG findings

1. Beta blockers
2. Ca ch blockers
3. TCA
4. Antiarrythmics Type 1 (quinidine, procainamide, disopyridine)
5. Amiodarone

Answer 8

Match OD and ECG findings

1. Beta blockers: bradycardia, PR long
2. Ca ch blockers : bradycardia, long AV node or block
3. TCA: Tachycardia, wide/long QRS, decreased AV conducion time, VT, VFib, Torsades
4. Antiarrythmics Type 1 (quinidine, procainamide, disopyridine): long QT, Torsades, VT
5. Amiodarone: AV block, sinus node sydfunction (bradycardia), torsades

Question 9

Hyperkalemia: ECG changes

Answer 9

• peaked T waves
• Wide QRS
• increased PR
• Flat P waves
• Vfib/Asystole

Question 10

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: ECG findings

Question 11

Myocarditis: physical exam findings

Question 12

Myocarditis: complications