COMLEX 3 > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

(43 cards)

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1
Q

What 2 EKG findings suggest STEMI?

A
  • ST segment elevation

- new LBBB

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2
Q

If patient can’t walk for stress test, what 2 meds can administer for pharmocologic stress?

A
  • dobutamine

- adenosine

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3
Q

What is acute treatment for ACS?

A
  • Morphine (prn)
  • O2 (prn)
  • Nitrate
  • ASA
  • BB
  • ACEI
  • Statin
  • Heparin/Clopidogrel
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4
Q

What is purpose of administering BB for ACS?

A
  • reduce myocardial work

- prevent ventricular arrthythmia

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5
Q

What are the indications for thrombolysis in ACS?

A
  • can’t catheterization (PCI facility is >60min away)
  • in acute disease (STEMI)
  • within 12hr of onset
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6
Q

STEMI –> within how long need cath?

A

90min

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7
Q

valsalva does what?

A

decrease venous return (decrease preload)

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8
Q

when use synchronized cardioversion?

A

unstable Afib/flutter/SVT

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9
Q

when use unsynchronized cardioversion?

A

no coordinated cardiac electrical activity –> V tach/fib

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10
Q

arrhythmia –> QRS fast & wide –> what drug for tx?

A

amiodarone

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11
Q

arrhythmia –> QRS fast & narrow –> what drug for tx?

A

adenosine

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12
Q

arrhythmia –> QRS slow –> what drug for tx?

A

atropine

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13
Q

Afib/flutter –> what drug for tx?

A
  • BB

- CCB: verapamil, diltiazem

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14
Q

no pulse –> ACLS –> what rhythms do you shock, and which rhythms don’t shock?

A

VT/VF: shock

PEA/asystole: no shock

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15
Q

VT/VF –> ACLS –> what drugs for tx?

A

epi

amio

epi

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16
Q

PEA/asystole –> ACLS –> what drugs for tx?

A

epi

0

epi

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17
Q

Afib –> >48hr –> want to cardiovert –> need to be on warfarin for how long before cardioversion?

A

3-4 wks

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18
Q

Afib –> >48hr –> why need to be on warfarin for 3-4wks before cardioversion?

Study These Flashcards
A

to prevent embolization of mural thrombus

19
Q

Afib –> <48hr –> want to cardiovert –> when can cardiovert?

Study These Flashcards
A

right away if necessary

20
Q

aortic regurg –> murmur?

Study These Flashcards
A

blowing diastolic murmur at L sternal border +/- mid-diastolic rumble (Austin-Flint murmur)

21
Q

acute pericarditis –> possible etiologies (6)

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A
  • viral infection
  • TB
  • SLE
  • uremia
  • drugs
  • neoplasm
22
Q

acute pericarditis –> first line tx

Study These Flashcards
A

NSAID and ASA

23
Q

PE –> EKG finding

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A

S1Q3T3 (right heart strain)

24
Q

HOCM –> murmur decreases or increases with valsalva?

25
HOCM --> what tx decreases intensity of murmur?
BB --> increase preload
26
what is Eisenmenger's synd?
ASD/VSD/PDA --> reverse from LtoR shunt to RtoL shunt --> cyanosis
27
b/l renal artery stenosis --> what med is contraindicated? why?
ACEI --> decrease renal perfusion and GFR --> accelerate renal failure
28
16M --> no PMHx, no meds --> no complaints --> routine EKG shows short PR, slurred QRS what condition?
wolff-parkinson-white synd
29
wolff-parkinson-white synd --> pathophys
anomalous embryonic development of myocardial tissue --> fibrous tissue bridge bw atria & ventricle --> accessory pathway
30
WPW synd --> EKG findings
- shortened PR - delta wave - wide, slurred QRS
31
WPW synd --> COD
rapid conduction thru accessory pathway --> unstable ventricular rate --> cardiac output decrease --> sudden cardiac death
32
BB toxicity --> tx
glucagon --> increase cardiac contractility, HR, conduction
33
who gets AAA screening?
65-75M who have ever smoked
34
alcohol abuse --> dilated cardiomyopathy --> tx? why?
stop alcohol use --> almost completely reversible
35
differentiate: dressler's synd vs post-infarction pericarditis
dressler's (postpericardiotomy synd): - onset 2-4wk after MI - also constitutional ssx postinfarct pericarditis: - onset 12hr-10days after MI
36
acute stable angina --> tx
SL nitroglycerin
37
exertional stable angina --> tx
isosorbide mononitrate: long-acting nitrate --> improve exercise tolerance
38
septic shock: - cardiac output - pulm capillary wedge pressure - peripheral vascular resistance
- cardiac output: increased - pulm capillary wedge pressure: decreased - peripheral vascular resistance: decreased
39
>60yo without DM --> BP goal
<150/90
40
>60yo with DM --> BP goal
<140/90
41
Vtach --> when synchronized vs unsynchronized cardioversion?
Vtach w pulse --> synchronized Vtach without pulse --> unsynchronized
42
ABI --> normal?
>1
43
ABI --> claudication?
0.5-0.8
COMLEX 3
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