COMLEX 3 > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

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1
Q

otitis media –> when is tympanoplasty indicated?

A
  • 3 episodes in 6mo

- 4x in 12mo

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2
Q

otitis media –> PCN allergy –> abx of choice?

A
  • cefdinir (if no PCN anaphylaxis)

- azithromycin (if PCN anaphylaxis)

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3
Q

what is a potential serious complication of otitis media?

A

mastoiditis

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4
Q

what PE findings suggest mastoiditis?

A
  • acute otitis media
  • swelling behind ear
  • anteriorly rotated ear
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5
Q

otitis externa –> what is tx if tx is necessary?

A

abx + steroid drops

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6
Q

sinusitis –> at what point do you presume a bacterial rather than viral infection?

A

> 10 days

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7
Q

What scoring system is used to determine next step for possible GAS pharyngitis?

A

Centor criteria

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8
Q

what are the components of Centor criteria?

A
  • absent Cough
  • tonsillar Exudates
  • anterior neck Nodes
  • Temp >38C
  • <14 OR >44
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9
Q

Centor criteria –> how to interprete score?

A

<1: no further testing
2-3: rapid strep test
>4: empiric abx

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10
Q

baby –> blue at rest or feeding –> pink when cries –> what diagnosis?

A

choanal atresia

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11
Q

mastoiditis –> tx?

A

surgical decompression + abx for AOM

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12
Q

childhood snoring –> what dx?

A

choanal atresia

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13
Q

failure to thrive –> organic causes (4)

A
  • genetic (cystic fibrosis)
  • cardiac disease
  • pyloric stenosis
  • GERD
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14
Q

failure to thrive –> non-organic causes (3)

A
  • formula
  • feeding
  • frequency
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15
Q

developmental milestones –> 2mo

A
  • lift head/chest
  • track
  • alert to sound
  • coo
  • recognize parent
  • social smile
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16
Q

developmental milestones –> 4mo

A
  • roll
  • grasp
  • orient to voice
  • enjoy looking around
  • laugh
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17
Q

developmental milestones –> 6mo

A
  • sit
  • transfer objects
  • raking grasp
  • babble
  • stranger anxiety
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18
Q

developmental milestones –> 9mo

A
  • crawl
  • pull to stand
  • 3finger grasp
  • mama/dada (non-specific)
  • wave
  • play pattycake
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19
Q

developmental milestones –> 12mo

A
  • walk
  • 2 finger grasp
  • mama/dada (specific)
  • imitate actions
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20
Q

developmental milestones –> 18mo

A
  • run
  • kick ball
  • tower 2-4 cubes
  • name common objects
  • copies parent in tasks
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21
Q

developmental milestones –> 2yr

A
  • stairs w help
  • jump
  • tower of 6 cubes
  • 2word phrase
  • 2 step commands
  • remv clothes
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22
Q

developmental milestones –>

3yr

A
  • tricycle
  • stairs
  • circle
  • utensils
  • 3 word sentence
  • brush teeth
  • wash hands
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23
Q

developmental milestones –> 4yr

A
  • hop
  • cross
  • count to 10
  • cooperative play
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24
Q

Klinefelter synd –> pathophys

A

XXY

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25
Klinefelter synd --> presentation
- gynecomastia - infertility/hypogonad - elongated extremities - normal cognition
26
diabetic mother --> newborn --> 2hr after birth --> irritable, tremor --> dx?
polycythemia
27
neonatal polycythemia --> Hct level?
>65%
28
upward lens dislocation --> assoc w what condition?
Marfan
29
downward lens dislocation --> assoc w what condition?
homocystinuria
30
5M --> hearing problems for 1wk --> recent otitis media trted w amoxicillin --> exam shows air fluid level behind TM, no erythema or bulging dx?
serous otitis media without active infection
31
serous otitis media without active infection --> tx
self-resolves --> follow
32
9F --> R eye droopy, severe pain w eye movement, mild proptosis --> h/o recurrent sinus infect dx?
orbital cellulits
33
3wk M --> persistent nonbilious projective vomit --> lethargic, visible peristaltic waves --> hypoCl hypoKmet alkalosis dx? next step?
pyloric stenosis next step: fluid resuscitation & correct electrolytes next step is NOT abd US
34
Turner synd --> assoc w what cardiac abnormality?
coarctation of aorta
35
Turner synd --> amenorrhea pathophys?
ovarian dysgenesis (nonfxal ovaries) --> low estrogen
36
Turner synd --> FSH level is decreased or increased?
ovarian failure --> increased FSH
37
lead poisoning --> lead level?
>5mcg/dL
38
Beckwith-Wiedemann synd --> presentation
overgrowth synd: - macrosomia - macroglossia - hypoglycemia at birth - organomelgaly
39
Beckwith-Wiedemann synd --> assoc w what other condition?
nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)
40
3M --> AMS, sz, microcytic anemia --> dx?
lead poisoning
41
6M --> insidious antalgic gait --> dx?
legg-perthe-calves dz
42
legg-perthe-calves dz --> how dx
XR
43
legg-perthe-calves dz --> tx
cast
44
slipped femoral capital epiphysis --> how dx?
frog-leg XR
45
osgood-schlatter's --> aka?
osteochondrosis
46
bone pain --> XR shows lesion on mid-shaft of bone --> onion skin dx?
ewing's sarcoma
47
bone pain --> XR shows lesion on distal femur --> sunburst pattern dx?
osteosarcoma
48
osteosarcoma --> assoc w what other condition?
retinoblastoma
49
developmental dysplasia of hip --> how dx?
hip US at 4wk
50
9moF --> dc breastfeeding --> develop periorificial/acral dermatitis, alopecia, diarrhea dx?
acrodermatitis enteropathica --> AR --> inherited form of zinc deficiency
51
neonate --> abd distention, bilious vomiting, fail to pass meconium what condition?
Hirschsprung dz
52
Hirschsprung dz --> pathophys
rectum --> absence of autonomic innervation --> loss of peristalsis --> obstruction
53
- congenital port wine stain in V1 & V2 trigeminal distribution - eye abnormality - neuro abnormality dx?
Sturge Weber synd
54
mom is HBV positive --> next step
baby --> stat --> HBV vaccine + HBV Ig
55
mom is HBV status unknown --> next step
baby --> stat --> HBV vaccine mom --> check HBsAg
56
- scrotum & testes enlarge - scrotal skin --> red, texture what tanner stage?
Tanner stage 2
57
- penis enlarge - testes grow what tanner stage?
Tanner stage 3
58
peds --> fluid bolus?
20-60ml/kg
59
- recurrent infection - silver hair - oculocutaneous albinism what condition?
Chediak-Higashi synd
60
6F --> c/o vag bleed --> Tanner 2 breasts, skin unilat light brown macular lesions --> pelvis U/S large b/l ovarian cysts what condition?
McCune-Albright synd
61
McCune-Albright synd --> pathophys
mutation --> receptor for FSH/LH/other pit hormones --> constitutively active --> precocious puberty
62
McCune-Albright synd --> presentation
- precocious puberty - fibrous skeletal dysplasia - cafe au lait spots
COMLEX 3
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