cc one

Question 1

1. The milky appearance of the serum specimen causes falsely elevated bilirubin. Bilirubin is also increased if the sample is hemolyzed.

Answer 1

A. Only 1st statement is true

Question 2

2. Which of the following does not affect ammonia level?

1) Hemolysis
2) Incorrect blood to additive ratio
3) Tobacco exposure
4) Cold transport
5) Prolonged tourniquet application
6) Fasting

Answer 2

C. 4&6

Question 3

3. All of these amino acids have maximum absorbance at 210 nm, except:

a. Threonine
b. Tryptophan
c. Proline

Answer 3

B. Tryptophan

Question 4

4. Which of the following coagulant factors is not
   dependent on Vitamin K?

A. Stuart Factor
B. Labile Factor
C. Prothrombin
D. Christmas Factor

Answer 4

B. Labile Factor

Question 5

5. What are the sources of Bilirubin?

a. Hemoglobin
b. Myoglobin
c. Catalase
d. Both A & D
e. All of these

Answer 5

E. All of these

Question 5

6. The principle of Biuret Method is based on?

a. Oxidation of phenolic amino acids of proteins
b. Based on the amount of nitrogen in proteins
c. The reaction of copper with primary amino groups
d. The number of ester bonds

Answer 5

E. None (Based on the number of peptide bonds)

Question 5

7. Slow reacting bilirubin is produced from reduction of biliverdin. What enzyme reduces Biliverdin?

a. Bilirubin reductase
b. Heme oxygenase
c. Biliverdin reductase
d. Cytochrome oxidase

Answer 5

C. Biliverdin Reductase

Question 5

8. Rotor syndrome: Bilirubin transport deficit, ____ : Circulating coagulation inhibitor

a. Gilbert’s Syndrome
b. Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
c. Crigler-Najjar Syndrome
d. Lucey-Driscoll Syndrome

Answer 5

D. Lucey-Driscoll Syndrome

Question 6

9. In Bilirubin transport deficit, non-polar bilirubin is ____, while total bilirubin is ____.

Answer 6

C. Increased, Increased

Question 7

10. Which of the following is/are hepatic enzymes?

1) Aldolase
2) Lactate dehydrogenase
3) Acid phosphatase
4) Gamma glutamyltransferase

Answer 7

D. 2 & 4

Question 8

11. Enzyme employed in ammonia measurement utilizing automated analyzers

a. Urease
b. Lactate dehydrogenase
c. Malate dehydrogenase
d. Glutamate decarboxylase

Answer 8

E. None

Question 9

12. In hemolytic anemia, hemobilirubin is ____, while urobilinogen is ____.

Answer 9

A. Increased, Normal

Question 10

13. Albumin is the most abundant protein in the blood, in serum protein electrophoresis it migrates to the point of origin.

Answer 10

A. Only the first statement is true

Question 11

14. In post hepatic jaundice, polar bilirubin is ____, while non-polar bilirubin is ____.

Answer 11

A. Increased, Normal

Question 12

15. Crigler-Najjar Syndrome is a type of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to?

a. Inability to transport Bilirubin 1 to the liver
b. Presence of circulating UDPGT inhibitor
c. Impaired Bilirubin 2 excretion
d. Absence of conjugating enzymes

Answer 12

D. Absence of conjugating enzymes

Question 13

16. What is the purpose of methanol in Evelyn and Malloy method?

a. To allow measurement of Bilirubin 1
b. Accelerant
c. Both
d. Neither

Answer 13

C. Both

Question 14

17. Diazo A : 0.1% Sulfanilic Acid, Diazo B : ____

a. 1.5% Hydrochloric acid
b. 0.5% Sulfanilic acid
c. 0.5% Sodium nitrite
d. None

Answer 14

C. 0.5% Sodium nitrite

Question 15

18. Ammonia is a neurotoxin leading to comma, urea is synthesized from ammonia through the Krebs Cycle.

Answer 15

A. Only 1st statement is true

Question 16

19. Macdonald Method: ____, Albumin Measurement: Liver Synthetic function

Answer 16

C. Liver Excretory function

Question 17

20. The number one marker for obstructive jaundice?

Answer 17

C. Alkaline Phosphatase

Question 18

21. Kjeldahl method assumes that the nitrogen method of protein is approximately ____?

a. 15.1%
b. 16.1%
c. 15%
d. 16%

Answer 18

D. 16%

Question 19

22. Veronal in serum protein electrophoresis ____ pH of the medium, which causes protein to be ____

Answer 19

B. Increases, negatively charged

Question 20

23. In serum protein electrophoresis, proteins migrate towards the ____?

Answer 20

A. Positively charged electrode

Question 21

24. Urobilinogen is produced by reduction of non-polar bilirubin by intestinal bacteria, measurement of bilirubin utilizes p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride.

Answer 21

B. Both statements are false (polar, diazo reagent)

Question 22

25. All proteins are synthesized by the liver except for immunoglobulins, Antibodies migrate nearest to the point of origin during SPE

Answer 22

C. Both statements are true

Question 23

26. Plasma is not utilized in total protein measurement as: a. It can falsely elevate total protein level b. It has fibrinogen c. Both are correct d. Neither

Answer 23

C. Both are correct

Question 24

27. Kernicterus may appear on patients with chronic elevation on which bilirubin? a. Bilirubin 1 b. Unconjugated bilirubin c. Water insoluble bilirubin d. Both b and C e. E. all of these

Answer 24

E. All of these

Question 25

28. Abnormal bilirubin increased in Dubin-Johnson syndrome a. Hemobilirubin b. Delta bilirubin c. Polar bilirubin bound to albumin d. Both b & c e. Both a & b

Answer 25

D. Both b & c

Question 26

29. Which of these dyes will only bind to albumin? a. Bromcresol green b. Bromcresol purple c. Methyl orange d. All of these

Answer 26

B. Bromcresol purple

Question 27

30. Prehepatic bilirubin is carried by albumin to the liver, in the liver this bilirubin is carried by ligandins.

Answer 27

C. Both statements are true

Question 28

31. Storage temperature of specimen for Urea measurement

Answer 28

D. 2 – 8 degC

Question 29

32. To convert BUN to urea, the value is multiplied to

Answer 29

C. 2.14

Question 30

33. Lloyd’s reagent: ____, Fuller’s earth reagent: aluminum magnesium silicate

Answer 30

B. Sodium aluminum silicate

Question 31

34. The type of azotemia associated with decreased blood delivered to the kidneys

Answer 31

A. Pre-renal azotemia

Question 32

35. What is the normal creatinine to BUN ratio?

Answer 32

B. 1:20

Question 33

36. Uric acid occurs as monosodium urate in plasma at a blood pH of what? a. 7. 35 b. 7.45 c. 7.40 d. All of these

Answer 33

D. All of these

Question 34

37. ____: Jaffe reagent, Bilirubin: Diazo reagent a. Urea nitrogen b. Uric acid c. Creatinine d. Ammonia

Answer 34

C. Creatinine

Question 35

38. Arrange the following NPNs in ascending order of abundance 1) Creatinine 2) Creatine 3) Urea 4) Amino acids 5) Uric acid 6) Ammonia

Answer 35

D. 6,2,1,5,4,3

Question 36

39. Major site of reabsorption of essential substances in the nephrons

Answer 36

Proximal convoluted tubules

Question 37

40. Uricase enzyme causes oxidation of uric acid, forming

Answer 37

B. Allantoin