A wave?
Atrial contraction/systole. Absent in AF
C wave?
right ventricular Contraction causing the triCuspid valve to budge towards the right atrium
X descent?
Atrial relaxation
V waves?
Venous filling - tricuspid is closed
Y wave?
Rapid emptYing of the atria
Canon waves?
large waves not corresponding to a, v or c waves. Due to complete heart block or junctional arrhythmias.