what is the main purpose of the patient interview in respiratory care?
-gather subjective&objective data for complete assessment
-build trust & rapport
-understand pt health status–> better pt outcome
what type of data are gathered during the patients interview (subjective, objective)
-subjective-own impression& feeling about health *(symptoms)shortness of breath, pain
-objective-measurable&observable information
*(signs)swelling, vital signs, pulse
what are some examples of biographic data collected in a health history form
-age
-gender
-occupation
list atleast 5 components typically included in pt history form
-biographic data
-chief complaint
-present health& history of past illness
-current medication
-past health
-family history
-review of body system
-functional assessment
why is it important to document the chief complaint separately from the history of present illness
-chief complaint- reason for seeking care
present illness- tells how pt current issue fits into overall health
*keep separate ensures pt immediate concerns is addressed
what internal traits should a practitioner bring to the patients interview
-genuine concern for others
*sincere interest in pt wellbeing
-empathy
*understand w/out emotional involvement
-understanding
*grasping full impact of concerns&condition on pt life
-active listening
*concentrating,understanding,respponding& retaining info
what are 3 external factors that help a supportive interview environment?
-privacy & preventing interruptions
-comfortable physical environment
-no physical barriers b/w pt & practitioner
*computer, clipboard
how can a computer or clipboard interfere with patient communication
-physical barrier- cause pt to shut down, fail to ask ?’s, thinks they are unimportant
-practitioner focus shifts to computer/clipboard missing verbal/nonverbal gestures from pt
define cultural sensitivity and explain how it affects communication
-respecting pt customs, communication norms& beliefs by not using offensive language, speaking disrespectfully of cultural beliefs
-avoids misunderstanding build trust&compliance
give 3 examples of how a pt culture or religion might influence their health behaviors or decisions
-dietary restrictions
-belief around treatment methods
-religious practice:prayer times, certain day cant have procedures
what is the difference between cultural sensitivity and cultural awareness
cultural awareness-knowledge of history,ancestory,beliefs, artistic expression& diet, celebrations & rituals
cultural sensitivity- refraining from using offensive language, respecting communication norms, not disrespecting cultural beliefs
define health literacy and explain why it is important during patient education
pt ability to obtain, process & understand basic health information& services needed to make health decisions & follow instructions
-helps pt understand their health conditions&follow treatments plans&make informed decisions
what are the key elements of the plain language approach
-important point first
-section presentation
-short sentences/common everyday words
-active voice
-avoid technical terms/jargon
-use follow up questions
why is it important to avoid technical medical terms when speaking with patients
-causes confusion
-use plain language ensures pt understands information avoids vagueness
compare and contrast open-ended questions and closed (direct) questions. provide example
-open
*provides narrative information
*begin interview
*introduce section of ?s
*gather further info when pt introduces new topic
ex. “what brings you to hospital today?”
-closed
*specific information
*short one word answer “yes or no”
ex. “have you ever had this chest pain before”
when would it be appropriate to use a closed question during an interview
fill in any detail pt may have left out
-emergency situation, unable to speak in full sentences
why are follow up questions important after a patient gives an initial response?
pt will add important information when encouraged to expand with more detail
what is meant by “facilitation” during interview
encourage pt to say more
*actively listening& interested in what pt has to say
describe how you would use clarification in a patient interview
ensures understanding by asking pt to explain more about their statement, asking follow up ?s
what is reflection and how does it help the interview process
-repeats pt word to clarify or stimulate further communication
-helps pt focus on specific area & continue in own words
give an example of how empathy can be shown during patient interaction
-understanding&compassion toward pt feelings encourage pt to share more openly
ex.” it must be difficult for you..”
why is silence sometimes a useful tool in communication
-allows pt time to think& organize what pt wished to say w/out interruptions
*effective after open ended ?s
list 5 examples of non productive verbal messages
-providing assurance or reassurance
-giving advice
-using authority
-using guidance language
-distancing
-asking leading bias ?s
-professional jargon
-talking too much
-interrupting & anticipating
-using “why”questions
why is providing false reassurance considered nonproductive
minimized concerns, prevent pt from expressing true feelings halts further communication
