ch 10

Question 1

emotion

Answer 1

Mental states of feelings associated with evaluating our experiences

Question 2

discrete emotion theory

Answer 2

small number of basic emotions that are rooted in biology (combine in complex ways)

Question 3

discrete emotion theory limitations

Answer 3

cant fully explain cultural differences or complex emotions

Question 4

ideal affect

Answer 4

preferred emotions differ by culture

Question 5

duchenne smile

Answer 5

a genuine smile including eye muscle movement

Question 6

james-lange theory

Answer 6

Emotion comes from interpreting bodily reactions.

Question 7

somatic marker theory

Answer 7

bodily reactions guide decisions

Question 8

cannon-bard theory

Answer 8

emotion and bodily responses happen simultaneously

Question 9

Two-factor theory

Answer 9

Emotion = physiological arousal plus a cognitive label (you label emotion based on situation)

Question 10

2 unconscious influences

Answer 10

mere exposure effect: repeated exposure increases liking

facial feedback: smiling can make you feel happier

Question 11

nonverbal leakage

Answer 11

unintentional emotional expressions that reveal feelings

Question 12

why do nonverbal cues matter?

Answer 12

because they help interpret true emotions and intentions

Question 13

proxemics

Answer 13

the study of personal space distances

Question 14

why are people bad at detecting lies

Answer 14

polygraphs are often inaccurate, assuming lying increases arousal (Pinocchio response)

Question 15

broaden & build theory

Answer 15

positive emotions expand thinking and build future resources

Question 16

affective forecasting

Answer 16

predicting our future emotional states (often incorrectly)

Question 17

durability bias

Answer 17

tendency to overestimate how long our emotions will last

Question 18

hedonic treadmill

Answer 18

tendency to return to a stable level of happiness

Question 19

self-esteem

Answer 19

feelings of worth; high levels not always beneficial

Question 20

terror management theory

Answer 20

self-esteem protects against fear of death

Question 21

sociometer theory

Answer 21

self-esteem reflects social acceptance

Question 22

positive illusions

Answer 22

slightly inflated self-views help mental health

Question 23

motivation

Answer 23

a drive that directs behavior

Question 24

approach motivation

Answer 24

moves towards positive outcomes

Question 25

avoidant motivation

Answer 25

moves away from negative outcomes

Question 26

drive reduction theory

Answer 26

we act to reduce internal tension & restore psychological equilibrium

Question 27

yerkes-dodson law

Answer 27

mood & performance are worst at both high & low levels of arousal

Question 28

incentive theories

Answer 28

we are not only motivated by satisfying our drives, we also act on positive goals/motivations

Question 29

attraction is influenced by...

Answer 29

proximity, similarity, mutual liking, & physical attractiveness

Question 30

maslow's hierarchy

Answer 30

basic biological needs come first, followed by psychological & self-fulfillment needs

Question 31

passionate love vs compassionate love

Answer 31

intense & emotional vs calmer & based on attachment

Question 32

sternberg's triangle

Answer 32

love consists of intimacy, passion, and commitment in different combos

Question 33

hate

Answer 33

includes negative intimacy, passion, and commitment toward harm