_________________ rotated the responsibility for keeping watch over the town or area, particularly at night.
- preventive patrol
- assize of arms
- lex talionis
- watch and ward
- none of the above
watch and ward
The Statutes of Winchester outlined all but which of the following?
- assize of arms
- constable
- watch and ward
- hue and cry
- all of the above were outlined
all of the above were outlined
Voluntary bounty hunters under the Highwayman Act were known as:
- thief-takers
- assize of arms
- constables
- merchant police
- none of the above
thief-takers
Which of the following was NOT an example of an early crime prevention program?
- the Chicago Area Project
- the juvenile court
- the vigilante movement
- watch and ward
- all are examples
all are examples
_______ The Death and Life of Great American Cities focused on urban decay and the natural and social environments, and their impact on crime and deviance.
- Newman’s
- Jeffery’s
- Jacobs’
- Wood’s
- Shaw’s
Jacobs’
___________ called on architects to change the physical environment in such a way as to maximize territoriality and natural surveillance by residents and create an image of an area as cared for and protected.
- Jacobs
- Jeffery
- Newman
- Wood
- none of the above
Newman
___________ refocused attention from broad social/community change to target, time and place specific efforts that would remove the opportunities for crime.
- architectural design
- the Justice Department
- Newman’s structural studies
- situational crime prevention
- none of the above
situational crime prevention
Any action designed to reduce the actual level of crime and/or the perceived fear of crime defines:
- crime control
- crime prevention
- environmental design
- urban defense
- none of the above
crime prevention
__________ “identifies conditions of the physical and social environment that provide opportunities for or precipitate criminal acts.”
- primary prevention
- secondary prevention
- tertiary prevention
- micro prevention
- none of the above
primary prevention
Examples of primary prevention include all but which of the following?
- neighborhood watch
- situational prevention
- environmental design
- general deterrence
- surveillance
situational prevention
Tertiary prevention deals primarily with:
- prediction
- recidivism
- surveillance
- general deterrence
- none of the above
recidivism
Which of the following is NOT one of Tonry and Farrington’s crime prevention categories?
- developmental
- community
- situational
- criminal justice
- all of the above are categories
all of the above are categories
The Code of Hammurabi proposed that victims turn to the criminal justice system as the accepted response to injurious behavior (tf)
FALSE
The Highwayman Act in England outlined the payment of bounty for the capture of thieves and the recovery of property (TF)
true
A key to the Metropolitan Police organization was the idea of crime prevention (TF)
true
The Chicago Area Project sought to tear down old buildings and erect newer crime resistant structures (TF)
false
Jacobs argued that the modern urban environment, as well as many programs to change urban life, were anathema to a vibrant community that protects itself and residents who look out for one another (TF)
true
Jeffery’s “Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design” argued that crime prevention requires a focus on social engineering (TF)
false
Tertiary prevention “engages in early identification of potential offenders and seeks to intervene.” (TF)
false
The key to secondary prevention is identifying and predicting problems and problem people (TF)
true
The van Dijk and de Waard model adds a victim-oriented/community-neighborhood-oriented/offender-oriented dimension to the public health prevention model (TF)
true
Hunter’s meso-level crime prevention targets individuals, small groups, small areas, or small businesses for intervention (TF)
false
