ch 4

Question 1

a new organism (sometimes more than one) is produced from one organism. The new organism will have hereditary material identical to the hereditary material of the parent organism.

Answer 1

asexual reproduction

Question 2

Structure in cell’s nucleus that contains hereditary material.

Answer 2

Chromosome

Question 3

cell whose similar chromosomes occur in pairs

Answer 3

diploid

Question 4

deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material of all organisms; made up of two twisted strands of sugar-phosphate molecules and nitrogen bases

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

haploid sex cell formed in the female reproductive systems

Answer 5

egg

Question 6

in sexual reproduction, the joining of a sperm and egg

Answer 6

fertilization

Question 7

section of DNA on a chromosome that contains instructions for making specific proteins

Answer 7

Gene

Question 8

cell that has half the number of chromosomes as body cells

Answer 8

haploid

Question 9

reproductive process that produces four haploid sex cells from one diploid cell and ensures offspring will have the same number of chromosomes as the parent organism

Answer 9

meiosis

Question 10

cell process in which the nucleus divides to form two nuclei identical to each other, and identical to the original nucleus, in a series of steps

Answer 10

mitosis

Question 11

any permanent change in a gene of chromosomes of a cell; may be beneficial, harmful, or have little effect on an organism

Answer 11

mutation

Question 12

ribonucleic acid; a type of nucleic acid that carries codes for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes

Answer 12

RNA

Question 13

a type of reproduction in which two sex cells, usually an egg and a sperm, join to form a zygote, which will develop into a new organism with a unique identity

Answer 13

sexual reproduction

Question 14

haploid sex cells formed in the male reproductive cells produced in the testes

Answer 14

sperm

Question 15

new diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg; will divide by mitosis and develop into a new organism

Answer 15

zygote

Question 16

type of reproduction: meiosis vs. mitosis

Answer 16

meiosis: sexual reproduction
Mitosis: asexual reproduction

Question 17

occurs in
meiosis vs mitosis

Answer 17

meiosis: humans, animals, plants, fungi
mitosis: all organisms

Question 18

which one has pairing of homologs meiosis or mitosis?

Answer 18

meiosis

Question 19

What function is this of:
Genetic diversity through sexual reproduction

Answer 19

Meiosis

Question 20

what function is this of:
Cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body

Answer 20

mitosis

Question 21

true or false: mitosis has 2 divisions

Answer 21

false, mitosis has 1 division, MEIOSIS has 2 divisions

Question 22

true or false: meiosis has 1 divison

Answer 22

false, meiosis has 2 divisions, MITOSIS has 1 division

Question 23

What does Mitosis create

Answer 23

Makes everything other than sex cells

Question 24

what does meiosis create

Answer 24

sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells

Question 25

period of cell growth and development

Answer 25

interphase

Question 26

true or false: each normal human has 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs of chromosomes

Answer 26

true

Question 27

a new organism grows from just a part of the body of the parent organism, a type of asexual reproduction

Answer 27

regeneration, growing from JUST A PART of the BODY of the parent organism

Question 28

a new organism growing from the body of the parent organism, a type of asexual reproduction

Answer 28

budding, growing from the BODY of the parent organism

Question 29

true or false: at the end of meiosis, 6 or 7 cells have been produced from one cell

Answer 29

false, 4 cells

Question 30

what are proteins made up of

Answer 30

amino acids which are linked together in a specific order

Question 31

true or false: genes cannot determine the order of amino acids in a protein

Answer 31

false, GENES DO DETERMINE the order of amino acids in a protein

Question 32

True or False: the code for making proteins is carried to the ribosomes by RNA

Answer 32

true

Question 33

Nitrogen base match up Adenine, Guanine Thymine, Cytosine

Answer 33

Adenine-Thymine Guanine-Cytosine you could think of Ava Thattil's Group Chat or Apples with Trees and Garages with Cars or A with T and C with G

Question 34

True or False: In RNA thymine is substituted for with uracil

Answer 34

true

Question 35

true or false: only plants have rigid cell walls

Answer 35

true, animal cells don't

Question 36

true or false: only plants form cell plates

Answer 36

true

Question 37

true or false: only animals have centrioles

Answer 37

true, plants don't

Question 38

true or false: only animals have spindle fibers

Answer 38

false, plants also have them too.

Question 39

true or false: sperm and egg cell are body cells

Answer 39

false, they are sex cells

Question 40

what is the phrase IP. MAT stand for? (MRS. DONNOR WAY TO REMEMBER

Answer 40

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase