Chapter 7

Question 1

any organism that uses oxygen for respiration

Answer 1

Aerobe

Question 2

any organism that is able to live without oxygen

Answer 2

Anaerobe

Question 3

Chemicals produced by some bacteria that are used to limit the growth of other bacteria

Answer 3

Antibiotic

Question 4

thick-walled, protective structure produced by some bacteria when conditions are unfavorable for survival

Answer 4

Endospore

Question 5

simplest form of asexual reproduction in which two new cells are produced with genetic material identical to each other and identical to the previous cell

Answer 5

Fission

Question 6

Long thin whiplike structure that helps organisms move through moist or wet surroundings

Answer 6

Flagella

Question 7

Bacteria that converts nitrogen in the air into forms that can be used by plants and animals

Answer 7

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Question 8

Disease-producing organism

Answer 8

Pathogen

Question 9

Organism that uses dead organisms as a food source and helps recycle nutrients, so they are available for use by other organisms

Answer 9

Saprophyte

Question 10

Poisonous substance produced by some pathogens

Answer 10

Toxin

Question 11

Preparation made from killed bacteria or damaged particles from bacterial cell walls or viruses that can prevent some bacteria and viral diseases

Answer 11

Vaccine

Question 12

What is the difference between the eubacteria and archaebacteria

Answer 12

Eubacteria- helpful/harmful
Archaebacteria-live under extreme conditions: acidic, very hot, very cold

Question 13

Has a gel-like substance (capsule) covering them that helps them stick together in their colonies. (blue green) is food for fish

Answer 13

Cyanobacteria

Question 14

is the process in the food industry that rids bacteria Ex. Milk, Apple juice

Answer 14

Pasteurization

Question 15

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic

Answer 15

Aerobic needs oxygen while anaerobic doesn’t

Question 16

is produced by certain bacteria and can be used for fuel

Answer 16

Methane gas

Question 17

used to make cheeses, pickles, yogurt, vinegar, sauerkraut, buttermilk and helps to make vaccines, antibiotics and helps clean up oil spills

Answer 17

Helpful kind of eubacteria

Question 18

causes diseases and toxins

Answer 18

Harmful kind of eubacteria

Question 19

cocci(sphere), spirilla (spiral) Bacilli (rod-shaped)

Answer 19

The three shapes of bacteria

Question 20

What are the six kingdoms

Answer 20

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungus, Plant, and Animal. You can remember as AAEFPP

Question 21

Are bacteria eukaryotic or prokaryotic

Answer 21

Prokaryotic because bacteria do not have membrane bound organelles

Question 22

process that uses bacteria to break down wastes and pollutants

Answer 22

bioremediation

Question 23

True or false: Bacteria has membrane-bound organelles

Answer 23

false, they are prokaryotic because they DO NOT have membrane-bound organelles

Question 24

heat-resistant structure in bacteria

Answer 24

endospores

Question 25

poison produced by pathogens

Answer 25

toxin

Question 26

substance used to kill bacteria

Answer 26

antibiotic

Question 27

type of bacteria in pea plant roots that benefits the plant

Answer 27

nitrogen-fixing bacteria