Ch1

Question 1

Lister used phenol to

Answer 1

prevent the infection in wounds.

Question 2

The bacterium that causes the bubonic plague is

Answer 2

Yersinia pestis.

Question 3

The Irish potato famine was caused by a

Answer 3

fungus.

Question 4

Select the characteristic that all microorganisms have in common.

Answer 4

They are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.

Question 5

A microbe is used to produce erythropoietin, a hormone that signals the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow of the human body. The production of this hormone is an advance mainly from the field of

Answer 5

industrial microbiology.

Question 6

Select the incorrect association.

Answer 6

protozoa/not microscopic

Question 7

Select the incorrect statement about a virus.

Answer 7

It is a cellular organism.

Question 8

Select the correct statement about bacteria.

Answer 8

Their cells are filled with uniform, grainy material

Question 9

Bacteria can live at temperature extremes that vary as much as

Answer 9

40 to 60, 20 to 80, 0 to 100, -20 to 110 degrees C. ANS: D OBJ: TYPE: Knowledge

Question 10

A microbe is discovered in a local waterway. Testing this water reveals its high temperature and high acidity. The microbe produces bubbles in this water. However, tests on the microbe reveal that it does not cause diseases in humans. It probably belongs to the group of

Answer 10

algae, archaea, fungi, d. viruses ANS: B OBJ: TYPE: Application

Question 11

Select the correct statement about algae.

Answer 11

a. Their cells do not contain chloroplasts. b. They are eukaryotes. C. They do not include kelp, a macroscopic organism. d. They lack membrane-bound organelles. ANS: B OBJ: TYPE: Comprehension

Question 12

The group of fungi does not include

Answer 12

amoeba, molds, mushrooms, d. yeasts. ANS: A OBJ: TYPE: Knowledge

Question 13

African sleeping sickness is caused by a(n)

Answer 13

a. alga. b. bacterium. C. protozoan. d. yeast. ANS: C OBJ: TYPE: Knowledge.

Question 14

The most animal-like microorganisms are

Answer 14

a. algae. b. bacteria. protozoans. d. yeasts. ANS: OBJ: TYPE: Knowledge

Question 15

Flatworms and roundworms are

Answer 15

a. arthropods. b. echinoderms. c. helminths. d. mollusks. ANS: C OBJ: TYPE: Knowledge

Question 16

Select the disease that is not caused by a virus.

Answer 16

malaria b. polio smallpox d. yellow fever ANS: A OBJ: TYPE: Knowledge

Question 17

Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes could magnify to about

Answer 17

266X. b. 400X, c. 900X d. 1000X. ANS: A OBJ: TYPE: Knowledge

Question 18

Redi conducted experiments that discredited the theory of

Answer 18

spontaneous generation.

Question 19

In Pasteur’s experiments on spontaneous generation, the purpose of the curve in his flasks containing meat broth was to

Answer 19

prevent microorganisms from entering the flasks.

Question 20

A researcher attempts to duplicate the experiments on spontaneous generation conducted by Pasteur. Nutrient broth is sealed in glass flasks with curved necks and is sterilized with heat. The broth is cooled to room temperature. After 48 hours the researcher observes that bacteria populate the broth in the flask. The best explanation for this observation is that the bacteria studied can

Answer 20

form endospores.

Question 21

Select the incorrect association.

Answer 21

Spallanzani/studied typhoid fever.

Question 22

A vaccine can contain a

Answer 22

weakened form of a microorganism.

Question 23

When Jenner inoculated a child with the fluid from a cowpox blister, it

Answer 23

stimulated immunity.

Question 24

To test a drug by selective toxicity is a principle of

Answer 24

chemotherapy.

Question 25

The first medically useful antibiotic was

Answer 25

penicillin.

Question 26

A researcher attempts to duplicate the experiments by Iwanowski on the tobacco mosaic virus. The researcher pours filtered juice from a plant through a filter. However, he discovers that this filtered fluid contains both bacteria and viruses from the plant. This probably occurs because the filter has pores with a diameter

Answer 26

C. larger than both bacteria and viruses.

Question 27

Salvarsan comes from the Latin word that means

Answer 27

C. to save.

Question 28

A bacterial culture can double its number of cells every 30 minutes. One bacterial cell placed in nutrient broth leads to the production of

Answer 28

A. four cells in one hour.

Question 29

Genetic engineering involves recombinant

Answer 29

B. DNA technology.

Question 30

The most common microorganism manipulated for genetic engineering is a

Answer 30

A. bacterium.

Question 31

The host of the microorganism causing the bubonic plague was a fish.

Answer 31

F

Question 32

Phytophthora infestans was the microorganism causing the potato blight in Ireland.

Answer 32

T

Question 33

An organism is discovered growing on the surface of a tree trunk. Studies show it is non-photosynthetic and lives off the decaying matter of the tree. These studies show that the organism cannot be a fungus.

Question 34

A cellular organism is studied. The results show that the organism lacks a defined nucleus and most organelles. These results show that the organism could be a prokaryote.

Answer 34

T

Question 35

Some bacteria are photosynthetic.

Answer 35

T

Question 36

The organisms of archaea are not closely related to bacteria or humans.

Answer 36

T

Question 37

Phytoplankton is algae.

Answer 37

T

Question 38

Fungi are nonphotosynthetic, prokaryotic, scavengers, and lack mycelia.

Answer 38

F

Question 39

A microorganism is identified under the microscope. It moves by the beating action of its cilia. This organism is probably a protozoan.

Answer 39

T

Question 40

A tapeworm is a flatworm.

Answer 40

T

Question 41

The light microscope in a biology lab has a total magnification of about 1000X. This can be used to study viruses in the lab.

Answer 41

F

Question 42

The pathogen for AIDS is a bacterium.

Answer 42

F

Question 43

The organism Trichinella is a helminth.

Answer 43

T

Question 44

Needham's experimental results apparently supported the theory of spontaneous generation. The experiments of Spallanzani and Pasteur disproved this theory.

Answer 44

T

Question 45

Koch's experiments established a relationship between microorganisms and disease.

Answer 45

T

Question 46

The potato blight in Ireland occurred in the century.

Answer 46

nineteenth

Question 47

A local community hires a microbiologist to study the local water supply, testing it for safe human consumption. The training of the microbiologist is mainly in the field of microbiology.

Answer 47

environmental

Question 48

DDT is found ineffective at controlling an insect pest that is destroying local crops. A microorganism is tried as a biological control. This is an advance in the field of microbiology.

Answer 48

agricultural

Question 49

Prokaryotic cells lack structures that are bound by cell

Answer 49

membranes

Question 50

You know that a microorganism is a protozoan if it moves by the action of

Answer 50

cilia and pseudopodia

Question 51

are infectious agents that consist exclusively of protein molecules.

Answer 51

Prions

Question 52

A large virus is discovered. If the average bacterial cell has a diameter of one micrometer, the diameter of the virus is about

Answer 52

one-tenth of a micrometer

Question 53

The term "vaccination" is derived from the Latin word that means

Answer 53

cow

Question 54

Penicillin was originally referred to as the

Answer 54

wonder drug

Question 55

is the bacterium used most often in studies involving recombinant DNA technology.

Answer 55

Escherichia coli