Ch7

Question 1

Studying Changes over time

Answer 1

“you can do this by conducting the same survey year over year or survey of the same people repeatedly over time (panel study)

Question 2

Sampling from a population

Answer 2

all individuals of interest to the research question

Question 3

sample

Answer 3

a subject selected from the population

Question 4

confidence interval

Answer 4

once you’ve found the sample mean, estimate the sampling error

Question 5

Nonprobablity sampling=

Answer 5

any particular member of the population has an unknown chance of being chosen

Question 6

Will a larger sample size enlarge or reduce or reduce the size of the confidence interval

Answer 6

reduce

Question 7

Sampling Techniques

Answer 7

Probability: each member of the population has a specific probability of being chosen
Nonprobability= any particular member of the population has an unknown chance of being chosen

Question 8

types of
Probability Sampling

Answer 8

• simple random sampling= every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen
• stratified random sampling- the population is divided into subgroups and random selection is used ot select members from each
• cluster sampling: identifying clusters of students and then sampling randomly from those clusters

Question 9

Nonprobability sampling

Answer 9

• • convenience sampling= sampling whoever is convenient
• purpose sampling= final people who meet a specific criterion
• quota sampling= use convenience techniques to make sure you get the ‘right proportion’ of subgroups in the population

Question 10

Evaluating Samples

Answer 10

• sample frame= the actual population from which you draw your random sample
• response rate= not everyone you sample will participate

Question 11

Why conduct surveys?

Answer 11

• allows us to track changes in those variables over time

Question 12

ARe survey responses accurate?

Answer 12

• response set= tendency to respond to all the questions from a particular mindset
• Social desirability= answer in the most socially desirable way, or in the way that makes you look good

Question 13

Social desirability

Answer 13

answer in the most socially acceptable way, or in the way that makes you look good

Question 14

Constructing Questions

Answer 14

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- attitudes and benefits
- behaviors
- define your research objective
- facts and demographics

Question 15

Questions Wording Rules

Answer 15

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- - simplicity (should be easy to understand and to answer)
- avoid Double barreled questions (avoid questions that ask 2 things at once)
- Loaded questions (don’t lead people to respond in 1 way)
- Negative wording (Yes say and Nay Saying)

Question 16

Responses to questions

Answer 16

• • closed or open ended
• number of response alternatives
• rating scale
• graphic rating scale
• semantic differential scale
• nonverbal scale
• labeling response alternatives

Question 17

Finalizing the survey instrument

Answer 17

• format it neatly and professionally
• decide on the sequence of questions
• pilot test your survey

Question 18

Administering surveys

Answer 18

Questionnaries
Interviews

Question 19

Ways of Adminestering questionaires

Answer 19

Adminstration to Groups or Indiviudals
Mail Surveys
Online Surveys

Question 20

Ways of administering invterviews

Answer 20

Face to face interviews
Telephone interviews
Focus group interviews

Question 21

When finalizing your survey instrument.. how to formatting neatly and prof

Answer 21

Leave enough space between questions

Create scale format, use consistently

Question 22

Decide on sequence of q

Answer 22

• interesting and diff q first
• demographic q last

Question 23

Pilot test survey

Answer 23

• Give your survey to a few people from relevant pop, get their feedback make corrections