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Champagne Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the date of the royal decree allowing Champagne to be transported in bottle as opposed to barrel?

A

May 25, 1728

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2
Q

What are the 9 Grand Cru Villages of Montagne de Reims?

A
  • Sillery
  • Puisieulx
  • Beaumont sur Vesle
  • Verzenay
  • Mailly Champagne
  • Verzy
  • Louvois
  • Bouzy
  • Ambonnay
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3
Q

When did INAO recently broaden the appellation area of Champagne?

A

2009
- 319 villages to 357

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4
Q

In what year were the terms grand cru and premier cru legally allowed in Champagne?

A

1952

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5
Q

How many premier cru villages are in Vallee de la Marne?

A

8

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6
Q

How much does a standard champagne press hold?

A

4000 kilos

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7
Q

How many hectares is Clos d’Ambonnay?

A

.7 ha (1.69 acres)

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8
Q

What famous lieu dit straddles the towns of Ay and Dizy?

A

Le Leon

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9
Q

In what village is Cattier’s ‘Clos de Moulin’ parcel located?

A

Ludes

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10
Q

How many premier cru villages are in Montagne de Reims?

A

25

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11
Q

What is the aspect of Verzy and Verzenay vineyards?

A

north facing

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12
Q

When was Dom Pierre Perignon cellar master at the Abbey of Hautvillers?

A

1668-1715

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13
Q

Who is the most prominent grower on the Hill of Montgeux?

A

Emmanuel Lassaigne

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14
Q

What well known producer is located in Val du Petit Morin?

A

Ulysse Colin

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15
Q

What was the first prestige cuvee and when was the first vintage?

A

Roederer Cristal (made for Czar Alexander II of Russia)
1876

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16
Q

Where is Paul Bara located?

A

Bouzy, Montagne de Reims

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17
Q

What is the term for the release of older vintages of base wine for use in the assemblage of champagne?

A

deblocage

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18
Q

List 3 bottlings made from 100% pinot blanc

A
  • Roses de Jeanne La Boloree (Cedric Bouchard)
  • L’Original (Pierre Gerbais)
  • Textures (Vouette et Sorbee)
  • Colas Robin (Piollot)
  • Cuvee des Lys (Phillipe Fontaine)
  • Cuvee Heritage (Emmanuel Tassin)
  • Le Champ du Clos (Charles Dufour)
  • Pinot Blanc Extra Brut (Chassenay d’Arce)
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19
Q

What are the 6 Grand Cru villages of Cote des Blancs?

A
  • Chouilly
  • Oiry
  • Cramant
  • Avize
  • Oger
  • Le Mesnil sur Oger
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20
Q

What was the inaugural vintage of Les Crayeres and what grape is used?

A

1989
100% pinot noir

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21
Q

What are the 4 heirloom varietals permitted in champagne?

A
  • arbanne
  • pinot gris
  • pinot blanc
  • petit meslier
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22
Q

Which two villages are known for having the sunniest exposure in Champagne?

A
  • Bouzy
  • Ambonnay
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23
Q

List 3 non-dosage champagnes

A
  • Agrapart ‘Venus’
  • Larmandier Bernier ‘Terre de Vertus’
  • Georges Laval ‘Les Chenes’
  • Roederer ‘Brut Nature’
  • Roses de Jeanne ‘Les Ursules’
  • Vouette et Sorbee ‘Blanc d’Argile’
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24
Q

What was the inaugural vintage of Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill?

A

1975

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25
In what village is Bollinger located?
Ay
26
In what village is Delamotte located?
Le Mesnil sur Oger
27
In what village is the lieu-dit 'Les Chetillons' located?
Le Mesnil sur Oger
28
What is the exposure of the vineyards in Bouzy?
south facing
29
How long after the date of tirage can champagne be disgorged?
min 12 months
30
Which two villages in the Grand Montagne are known for chardonnay?
- Trepail - Villers Marmery
31
The lieux dits of 'Les Maladries', 'Le Clos Jacquin', and 'Les Barmonts' are all located in what village?
Avize
32
What are the legal age minimums for NV and vintage champagnes?
NV - 15 months in bottle Vintage - min 3 years in bottle
33
In what region are the premier cru villages of Bisseuil, Cumieres, Dizy, Hautvillers, and Mareuil sur Ay found?
Vallee de la Marne
34
What was the first brut champagne on the market?
Pommery 'Nature' (1874)
35
In what village is Egly-Ouriet located?
Ambonnay
36
List 2 producers who make a saignee rose
- Geoffroy - Christophe Mignon (Pur Meunier) - Mouzon Leroux (L'Incadescent) - Georges Laval
37
In what town is the parcel Clos des Goisses located? What is the soil type found in that lieu-dit?
Mareuil-sur-Ay, pure chalk soil
38
What two ungrafted pinot plots belonging to Bollinger have escaped phylloxera? In which wine are they used?
- Chaudes Terres - Clos Saint Jacques used in Vieille Vignes Francaise
39
What are the three serres/pressings in the production of champagne?
Cuvee - 1st 2050 liters Taille - next 500 liters Rebeche - all further pressings, used in distillation
40
In what region is Chigny les Roses found?
Montagne de Reims
41
What are the two Grand Cru villages of Vallee de la Marne?
- Ay - Tours sur Marne (red only)
42
What is the minimum potential alcohol in the base wine of Champagne AOP?
9%
43
What is the local name for pinot gris in champagne?
fromonteu
44
What is debourbage?
The overnight settling of fresh grape juice to allow any large solids or foreign matter to settle
45
What is the max RS in the base wine of Champagne AOP?
10 g/L
46
What is officially regarded as the 1st vintage of Salon?
1905
47
How many premier cru villages are in Cote des Blancs?
9
48
The pinot noir used in Dom Perignon comes from which 5 villages?
- Ay - Bouzy - Mailly Champagne - Verzenay - Hautvillers
49
In what year was Champagne delimited?
1908
50
What grape accounts for the largest acreage in Champagne?
pinot noir
51
What is the soil type of the Cote des Bar?
dense clay, gravelly limestone
52
In what year was 'Les Chetillons' added to the name of Cuvee Speciale, the monoparcel of Pierre Peters?
2000
53
How many hectares is Clos de Mesnil?
1.8 ha (4.5 acres)
54
What is the well known hill of chardonnay in the Aube?
Montgeux
55
What Montagne de Reims subdistrict is known for producing the best pinot noir?
Grande Montagne
56
How many Grand Cru villages are in Champagne?
17
57
What 2 villages in the Cote des Blancs are known for producing both chardonnay and pinot noir?
- Chouilly - Vertus
58
In what year did un update to the delimitation of Champagne re-instate the Aube?
1927
59
What are the only 2 vine training methods allowed in GC and PC champagne?
- Cordon du Royat (most common for pn) - Chablis (most common for chard)
60
How many premier cru villages are in Champagne?
42
61
What were the inaugural vintages of Dom Ruinart and Dom Ruinart rose?
BdB - 1959 Rose - 1966
62
Mouzon Leroux's 'L'Ineffable' is made with fruit from what village?
Verzy
63
What was the first vintage of Krug Clos du Mesnil?
1979
64
What was the first vintage of Clos des Goisses?
1935
65
What is the min must weight in Champagne?
143 g/L
66
Charles de Galle is the prestige cuvee of what Champagne house?
Drappier
67
What are considered the poorest vintages in Champagne in the past decade?
- 2011 - 2016 - 2017
68
Who discovered the exact amount of sugar required to induce secondary fermentation without breaking a glass bottle?
Andre Francois
69
What are the characteristics of Oger fruit?
- weighty, intense, and ripe - often blended due to a lack of finesse alone
70
The chardonnay used in Dom Perignon comes from which 4 villages?
- Chouilly - Cramant - Avize - Le Mesnil sur Oger
71
What is the primary grape grown in the Vallee de la Marne?
meunier
72
What is the prestige cuvee of Laurent Perrier?
Grand Siecle
73
What is the purpose of winter pruning in champagne?
- controls future production of grapes - directs vine growth - guides sap top fruit producing buds
74
What is the term for the action of a press going down?
serre
75
What is the grape used in Billecart's 'Clos St Hilaire?'
pinot noir
76
What are the 3 prestige cuvees of Bollinger?
- La Grande Annee - RD - Vieilles Vignes Francaise
77
What style of wine is allowed under the Rose des Riceys AOP?
still rose of 100% pinot noir
78
What is unique about the aging of Selosse's 'Substance' bottling?
- made via perpetual cuvee/ solera started in 1986
79
What is the grape of Clos du Mesnil?
Chardonnay
80
What is the grape of Clos d'Ambonnay?
pinot noir
81
What is the max. percentage of a total year's harvest that can be sold as vintage champagne?
80%
82
What was the inaugural vintage of Dom Perignon?
1921
83
Grande Vallee de la Marne is dominated by which grape?
pinot noir
84
What is the prestige cuvee of Gosset?
Celebris
85
What is the max. amount of grapes an RM can purchase?
5%
86
Who is the chief manufacturer of the traditional basket press in Champagne?
Coquard
87
' Substance' is the prestige cuvee of what Champagne house?
Jacques Selosse
88
What is the prestige cuvee of Pommery?
Cuvee Louise
89
What are the 5 districts of Champagne?
- Montagne de Reims - Cote des Blancs - Vallee de la Marne - Cotes de Sezanne - Aube
90
Until 1990, what organization tied prices to rankings in champagne?
Echelle de Crus
91
What are the two still wine AOPs in Champagne?
- Coteaux Champenois - Rose des Riceys
92
What is the primary grape grown in the Montagne de Reims and Aube?
pinot noir
93
What 2 champagne vintages are considered the best of the 21st century?
- 2008 - 2012
94
In what vintages did Charles Heidseick have 2 prestige cuvees and what were they?
1983 - 1985 - Champagne Charlie (discontinued after '85) - Blanc des Millenaires (1st vintage '83)
95
What is the prestige cuvee of Piper Heidseick?
Rare
96
What styles of wine are allowed under Coteaux Champenois AOP?
dry, still red, white and rose
97
What is the difference in soil type between Le Mesnil sur Oger and Avize?
MsO - all chalk Avize - chalk with young, clay rich soils on upper slopes
98
During secondary fermentation, how many grams of sugar will result in one atmosphere of pressure?
4 grams = 1 atmosphere
99
Les Barres, Les Orizeaux, and Les Alliees are all monoparcels of what champagne house?
Chartogne Taillet
100
Clos du Moulin is a monoparcel of what champagne house?
Cattier
101
What two famous 'rebel' producers are located in Avize
- Selosse - Pascal Agrapart
102
What is the flavor profile of Chouilly fruit vs Cuis fruit?
Chouilly - sunny, floral, subtle Cuis - mineral, austere
103
What river flows north of Cote des Blancs?
Marne
104
Venus is an all chardonnay monoparcel of what champagne house?
Agrapart
105
No champagne can be bottled before what date following harvest?
Jan 1
106
What is the oldest Champagne house still in operation?
Gosset (est 1584)
107
Christophe Mignon is a biodynamic producer specializing in which grape?
meunier
108
What soil types are found in Vallee de la Marne?
sand, clay, limestone
109
What is the oldest sparkling Champagne house?
Ruinart (est 1729)
110
When was the official appellation of Champagne created?
July 1936
111
Who produces Clos St Hilaire?
Billecart-Salmon
112
What is the common maceration time for Rose des Riceys?
1 week
113
What are the 4 vine training methods allowed in Champagne?
- Cordon du Royat - Chablis - Guyot - Vallee de la Marne
114
What percentage of Charles Heidseick 'Brut Reserve' comes from reserve wines over 10 years old?
approx 40%
115
The slopes of Ay face what direction?
south
116
Cetherine de Medicis is the prestige cuvee of whar champagne house?
De Meric
117
What is the French term for disgorgement by hand?
degorgement a la volee
118
What are the characteristics of Cramant fruit?
-luxe, dense, pulpy
119
What is the champenois term for a second crop?
bouvreu
120
How many bottles does a standard gyropallette hold?
504
121
What is the planting density in Champagne?
max. 2.5 sq meters per vine
122
How many hectares are under vine in the Marne Valley?
approx 9000
123
What is the soil type in the Grande Vallee de la Marne?
heavy clay and belemnite chalk
124
What local cooper makes barrels only for champagne?
Jerome Viard
125
The Grand Cru villages of Cote des Blancs have vineyards facing in what direction?
East (gentle morning sun and protection from western storms)
126
What temperature is the brine used in champagne disgorgement?
-16.6 degrees F
127
In what year did Jean Antoine Chaptal identify the connection between sugar and fermentation?
1801
128
In what year was bous de ville (urban compost) outlawed in champagne vineyards?
1999
129
What percentage of Montagne de Reims plantings is pinot noir?
41%
130
Where is the village of Ambonnay?
Montagne de Reims
131
What grapes are permitted in Coteaux Champenois AOP?
- chardonnay - meunier - pinot noir - pinot gris - arbanne - petit meslier
132
What is the soil type of Vertus and Bergeres les Vertus?
clay, flint, sand
133
What is the primary grape of the Petit Montagne?
meunier
134
What is the prestige cuvee of Chartogne Taillet?
Fiacre
135
How many producers are part of the Special Club?
28
136
What is the prestige cuvee of Ayala and what is the dominant grape?
Perle d'Ayala chardonnay dominant (80%)
137
Fleur de Champagne was the US label for what prestige cuvee and in what year was this label discontinued?
Perrier Jouet 'Belle Epoque' 2002
138
How is Rose des Riceys vinified?
semi-carbonic maceration
139
What are the two main types of chalk in champagne?
- belemnite (fossilized cephalopods, found mostly on slopes) - micraster (fossilized sea urchin, found in flatter valley vineyards)
140
What is the name for the crown cap used in secondary fermentation?
bidule
141
Where is the Stockinger cooperage located?
Austria
142
Why was meunier the choice for high production champagne houses?
- late budding (avoid frost damage) - early ripening - fruity profile
143
What vine training method in champagne is used for meunier only?
Vallee de la Marne (double guyot) - adapts well to below zero temps
144
List 3 biodynamic champagne producers
- Roederer - Fleury - Francois Bedel - Larmandier Bernier - Leclapart - Vouette & Sorbee
145
Since 1931, Forest-Forneaux (est 1734) has been known by what name?
Taittinger
146
Champagne lies at what latitude?
48th/49th parallel
147
Describe jetting
before corking, a small amount of wine/water and SO2 is added to champagne which causes foaming and expels oxygen
148
What is the prestige cuvee of Pol Roger?
Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill
149
What is the name of the wire cage on a champagne bottle?
muselet
150
What AOP represents the only vin di liqueur in champagne?
Ratafia AOP
151
In what village is Drappier located?
Urville, Bar sur Aube, Cote des Bar
152
What grape is used in Egly Ouriet's Les Crayeres?
pinot noir
153
What is considered the benchmark of single vineyard champagne?
Philipponat 'Clos de Goisses' (1st vintage 1935)
154
What is the primary grape grown in the Cote de Sezanne?
chardonnay
155
What is the purpose of spring plowing in champagne?
- encourages roots to dig deeper - incorporates cover crops into soil, adding nutrients
156
Taittinger's Les Folies de la Marquettrie comes from a single vineyard in which village?
Pierry, Coteaux Sud d'Epernay
157
What is the famous forest in Champagne?
Ardenne
158
Why is Pinot Meunier considered the preferential grape to plant in the Vallée de la Marne?
The Vallee has a compressed growing season with a shorter summer. Pinot Meunier buds later making it less susceptible to frost, and ripens better on the clay dominant soils.
159
Name three requirements to produce a champagne under the Club Tresors label
- must be an RM - all estate bottling - wines are subject to a tasting both as vin clair and after 3 years in the bottle - single vintage, outstanding years only - wines must be bottled in the approved special club bottle emblazoned with the special club logo - must be the producer’s tete de cuvee
160
Who pioneered the process of remuage (riddling)?
Madame Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin
161
What is the newly permitted 8th grape of champagne?
voltis (mildew resistent)
162
Pinot noir makes up what percentage of total grapes grown in champagne?
38%
163
What limit did the CIVIC set for juice extraction in champagne in 1992
102 liters of must for every 160 kg of grapes or 2550 litres from 4000kg
164
When was the Echelle de Cru abolished entirely?
2010
165
What are the lees ageing requirements for non vintage champagne?
must be aged for at least 15 months with a minimum 12 months on lees
166
Name 2 Premier Cru Villages of the Cotes de blancs
- Bergères-lès-Vertus - Cuis - Étréchy - Grauves - Pierry - Val-des-Marais (Coligny) - Vertus - Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny - Voipreux
167
Rose de Riceys is produced in which region of Champagne?
Cotes des Bars
168
In what recent vintages was Clos d'Ambonnay not produced?
1997 1999 2001 2003 2004 2005
169
In what recent vintages was Clos de Mesnil not produced?
1999 2001 2005
170
What is the only Grand Cru in Cote des Blancs with pinot noir planted?
Chouilly
171
Who was the first to document / discover what is now referred to as ‘the champagne method?’
Christopher Merret 1662
172
What crucial innovation allowed for the regular production of ‘method champenoise’ wine?
Coal fired glass from England, much stronger than wood fired glass
173
Who owns Domaine Évremond and where is it?
Taittinger - Kent England
174
What are the three limestones of Champagne
- Kimmiredigan - Oxfordian - Portlandian
175
Massif de Saint-Thierry, Monts de Berru, Ardre Valley, and Vesle Valley are what and where?
sub-districts of the Montagne de Reims, along with the Grande Montagne and City of Reims
176
What is the most planted grape of the Grande Vallee? Why?
Pinot Noir - because the soils are an extension of the chalk of the southern montagne while also being sunny and south facing
177
Mailly Champagne and Verzenay face which direction?
north
178
What part of the blend of a bottle of vintage champagne does not have to be from the declared vintage?
liqueur d’expédition
179
What is the parentage of chardonnay?
gouais blanc X pinot noir
180
What is the parentage of petit meslier?
gouais blanc X savagnin
181
Morillon is a synonym for what grape in champagne?
chardonnay
182
What two clos are in the city of Reims?
- Clos Pompadour (pommery) - Clos Lanson
183
What is the Surmelin?
tributary of the Marne River
184
What was ‘Clos du Mesnil’ called before Krug owned it?
Clos de la Chapitre
185
What was the first labeled ‘blanc de noirs’ in champagne?
Bollinger VVF
186
What are the three method’s in which rose champagne is made?
- saignee - maceration - blending of red and white wine
187
What producer made the first rose champagne?
Ruinart 'Oeil de Perdrix' (1764)
188
Roedered 'Carte Blanche,' Selosse 'Equise,' and Pol Roger 'Riche' are all what style of Champagne?
demi sec
189
What three sweeteners may be used in champagne?
- RCGM - Beet sugar - grape juice
190
When does the CIVC set harvest yields?
July
191
What two rivers influence the Vallee de la Marne?
- Surmelin - Marne
192
What is the ouverture de la vendange?
Decree dictating when the harvest is allowed to begin on a village-by-village, variety-by-variety basis
193
What is the average alcohol range for vin clair designated for NV wines?
9.5% - 10%
194
How does not de-stemming black grapes in Champagne affect the final must?
the fibrous material of the stems and stalks creates a network of canals through which the juice rapidly drains. This is particularly advantageous for black grape varieties, as it helps avoid coloration.
195
Why would a champagne maker runoff the first 50-65 liters of cuvee and declassify it a taille?
- if grapes were wet with rain - if grapes had some rot - if it hadn't rained since last spraying
196
What is the term for the solids that settle to the bottom of a vat during debourbage?
Bourbes (particles of skin, stalk, pips, and more)
197
Why would a champagne maker employ a double debourbage?
To use less Sulphur on the final wine
198
What is the size of a champagne Pieces?
205L
199
What innovation in winemaking technique became available when non-oak vessels became the norm?
Temperature control, and thus, control of malolactic conversion became available
200
Why are more Champagnes made with lower malolactic conversion percentages in the modern era (post 2015)?
warmer temperatures combined with early ripening clones is making the textural effect of malo not needed to the same extent.
201
Why must Champagne be tartrate stable at the time of bottling?
the crystals serve as nucleation points for CO2, which causes gushing on opening
202
What Champagne house stores their reserve wines in Magnums?
Bollinger
203
In what scenarios would producers in champagne use high stocks of reserve wines when they normally would not?
- to bolster weak wine in a poor vintage - to temper hot, early harvest years with wine from a lighter, fresher vintage - in excellent years when wines are so distinct that lesser amounts of reserve wine wouldn't make a difference
204
What is remise en cercles?
In the rare cases when the secondary fermentation is ineffective, or when a batch of wine is technically correct but a decision has been made not to commercialize, the wine must be returned to the vat and reblended. French winemakers call this procedure remise en cercles (return to hoops), a reference to the hoops around a wooden barrel.
205
Why is a strong source of YAN required in the second champagne fermentation?
The second fermentation is conducted in a hostile, reductive environment. Some stress factors are similar to those found in the first fermentation, such as low pH and high acid content, but others are unique to bottle fermentations, such as very little oxygen availability, low nitrogen content, high CO2 pressure, and high alcohol. Under such stressful conditions, yeast cells require a guaranteed supply of nutrients to work well, yet the yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) and other yeast nutrients will be at an all-time low, having already been depleted by the first fermentation. It is therefore important to check whether yeast nutrients will be required when rehydrating yeast for assimilation and combining it with the liqueur de tirage.
206
How much abv does the second fermentation make?
1.5%
207
What is the term for the staple that holds a cork if a cage is not used?
agrafe
208
What is bouchon de tirage?
allowing second ferment and subsequent aging to happen under cork
209
What is the first optimum time to disgorge for mousse retention?
18 months
210
What is a plaque?
a plaque is pushed onto the top of the protruding portion of the cork and molds it into its iconic mushroom shape, protecting it from the cage
211
What is the most recent vintage of Salon?
2013
212
Who is the Head winemaker of Moet et Chandon?
Benoit Gouez
213
Name the head winemaker of Dom Perignon
Since 1990: Richard Geoffroy Since 2019: Vincent Chaperon
214
Who produces Armand de Brignac?
Cattier
215
In what vintage did Dom Perignon produce only Rosé?
1986
216
Who’s the head winemaker of Charles Heidsieck?
Stephen Leroux
217
What are the 3 distinct zones of the Champagne appellation?
Zone de l'Aboration - marks the outer limits of the region where it is legal to vinify and transport juice and wine Zone de Production - marks entire villages in which vines may be cultivated (319 communes covering 300,000 ha) Zone Parcellaire de Production de Raisins - marks a lacework of delimited viticultural parcels
218
How much of Champagnes vineyards are destroyed per year due to hail and frost?
5%
219
What Champagne grape has the earliest bud burst?
chardonnay
220
What two Champagne cuvess are made with 100% arbanne?
- Arbane Pure (Olivier Horiot) - Cepage Arbane (Moutard)
221
What two Champagne cuvees are made with 100% pinot gris?
- Cuvee des Fondateurs (Derot-Delugny) - Trop M'en Faut (Drappier)
222
What two Champagne houses produce a 100% petit meslier?
- Duval Leroy - Laherte Freres
223
What are the 6 subdistricts of Montagne de Reims?
- Grande Montagne - Massif de Saint-Thierry - Monts de Berru - Ardre Valley - Vesle Valley - City of Reims
224
What is the primary topsoil of the Grande Montagne?
sandy-clay loess
225
What is the soil and bedrock of the Massif de Saint Thierry?
calcarious sand over lutetian limestone
226
Who is the majority owner of the vineyards of Monts de Berru?
Moet & Chandon
227
What are the 6 subregions of the Vallee de la Marne?
- Grande Vallee - Region d'Epernay (Coteaux Sud d'Epernay) - Terroir de Conde - Western Marne Valley - Right Bank - Left Bank
228
Which Vallee de la Marne premier cru village is thought by many to be of Grand Cru status?
Mareuil-sur-Ay
229
Bar-sur-Seine is home to what 3 trailblazing producers?
- Cedric Bouchard - Vouette et Sorbee - Marie Courtin
230
What was the first commercially available prestige cuvee?
Dom Perignon (in 1936) - Roederer Cristal was a private bottling not sold to the public until 1945
231
What is the average vine density in Champagne?
8000 vines per hectare
232
When is Champagne traditionally bottled?
between Feb and May following the harvest
233
What is the French term for the second fermentation in Champagne?
prise de mousse
234
Diammonium phosphate is a yeast nutrient that is a source of what?
nitrogen
235
What volatile compound is responsible for the aromas of a light-struck wine?
dimethyl disulfide
236
Why could corks be considered a superior method of temporary closure?
- dead yeast sludge and sediment cover the cork, allowing sediment to consume any oxygen at its only ingress (as opposed to a bidule which allows more oxygen exchange) - ensures a slow and graceful maturation
237
What has replaced salt water brine in the disgorgement of champagne?
propylene glycol
238
List 3 wineries owned by Roederer
- Roederer Estate (Cali) - Deutz - Scharffenberger - Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande - Chateau de Pez - Domaine Ots - Merry Edwards - Diamond Creek - Ramos Pinto
239
Comtes de Champagne is solely what grape?
chardonnay
240
What is the assemblage of Dom Perignon?
close to 60% chard 40% pinot noir
241
What Champagne house was the first to designate a vintage on their bottle?
Perrier-Jouet (1825)
242
What is the dominant grape in all of Veuve Cliquot's production?
pinot noir
243
Who is the largest landowner in Champagne?
Moet et Chandon
244
Define the following abbreviations in relation to Champagne: NM CM RC RM SR ND MA
Negociant Manipulant - buy grapes from multiple growers and blend to make their own Champagne Cooperative Manipulant - growers who pool resources to produce one champagne under Co-op name Recoltant Cooperateur - growers who pool resources, but market a champagne under their own label Recoltant Manipulant - growers who grow their own grapes to produce thier own wine Societe de Recoltants - grouping of several producers (usually in one family) into a single company Negociant Destributeur - buy and sell champagne produced by others (small part of market) Marque d'Acheteur - companies that buy ready made wine and sell in under their own brand (ie - Kirkland Champagne)
245
What is the soil type of Monts de Berru?
pure chalk
246
What is the primary grape of the Ardre Valley?
meunier
247
What are the 5 distinct regions of the Cote des Blancs?
- Cote des Blancs - Montgeux - Cote de Sezanne - Coteaux du Morin (Val du Petit Morin) - Vitryat
248
Which 2 Premier Crus of Coteaux du Morin are contiguous with the Cote des Blancs?
- Voipreux - Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny
249
What are the 2 subdistricts of the Cote des Bar?
- Bar sur Aube - Bar sur Seine
250
What are the Departments of the Champagne region?
- Aube - Aisne - Marne - Haute Marne - Seine et Marne
251
What is the sweetness level for the following: Brut Nature Extra Brut Brut Extra Dry Sec Demi Sec Doux
Brut Nature 0-3 g/L Extra Brut 0-6 g/L Brut 0-12 g/L Extra Dry 12-17 g/L Sec 17-32 g/L Demi Sec 32-50 g/L Doux 50+ g/L
CMS - MS Theory
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