CMS IS/CS > Champagne > Flashcards

Champagne Flashcards

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1
Q

Remuage is invented by…

A

Clicquot in 1806

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2
Q

Who made the first Brut Champagne

A

Perrier Jouet in 1848

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3
Q

Name the two main soil types of Champagne

A

Belemnite chalk
Micraster chalk

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4
Q

Name all of the permitted grapes in Champagne

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinot Munier
Pinot Gris
Pinot Blanc
Arbane
Petit Meslier
Voltis (max 5%)

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5
Q

Name the permitted pruning method in Champagne

A

Cordon de Royat
Chablis
Vallee de la Marne
Guyot (simple/double)

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6
Q

Name the press and its volume used in Champagne

A

Caquard press, 2550L/4000KG grapes (1 marc)

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7
Q

In Champagne, the extracted juice is divided into…

A

vin de cuvee (the first 2050L)
vin de taille (the following 500L)

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8
Q

Describe vin de taille

A

richer in pigment and tannin.

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9
Q

Name the method of Champagne

A

methode Champenoise

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10
Q

Describe the process of Champagne making

A
  1. Pressing: Grapes are pressed quickly, especially black grapes to minimize colour to must. Juice is allowed to settle (debourbage) at cool temperature for 8-15 hours.
  2. Primary fermentation: in stainless steel tank or oak. Base wine is clarified, through fining, filtering or centrifuge.
  3. Assemblage: Addition of liqueur de tirage and racked.
  4. Prise de mousse (2nd fermentation)
  5. Ageing on lees: bottles stored horizontally (sur latte)
  6. Remuage (riddling): on pupitre. Bottle remain in upside-down vertical position (sur pointe)
  7. Degorgement
    - a la glace: dipping neck of bottle in freezing brine solution. Semi-freeze the sediments
    - a la volee: disgorge without freezing the sediments
  8. Dosage - liqueur d’expedition
  9. Bottling: secured with cork and six half-twists of muselet
  10. Bottle ageing
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11
Q

Name the 2 types of degorgement

A

a la glace
a la volee

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12
Q

Describe Degorgement a la glace

A

The neck of the bottle is dipped in a freezing brine solution to semi-freeze the sediments along with small amount of wine before degorgement

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13
Q

Describe Degorgement a la volee

A

Degorgement without freezing the sediment. May cause losing of excess wine.

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14
Q

Name the 2 types of equipment used for remuage

A

Pupitre
Gyropalatte

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15
Q

How many bottles does Gyropalatte hold?

A

504

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16
Q

List the sweetness level of Champagne from driest to sweetest

A

Brut Nature: 0-3 g/L; no dosage added

Extra Brut: 0-6g/L

Brut: 0-12g/L

Extra Dry: 12-17g/L

Sec: 17-32g/L

Demi-Sec: 32-50g/L

Doux: 50+g/L

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17
Q

Ageing requirement of Champagne

A

NV: 15 months from tirage

Vintage: 36 months from tirage

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18
Q

List the bottle size of Champagne from smallest to biggest

A

Piccolo (quarter bottle): 187ml

Demi (half bottle): 375ml

Bottle: 750ml

Magnum: 1.5L (2 btls)

Jeroboam: 3L (4 btls)

Rehoboam [discontinued in 1983]: 4.5L (6 btls)

Methuselah: 6L (8 btls)

Salmanazar: 9L (12 btls)

Balthazar: 12L (16 btls)

Nebuchadnezzar: 15L (20 btls)

Solomon: 18L (24 btls)

Primat: 27L

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19
Q

What is Blocage/Deblocage

A

storing or releasing of wines in storage for future use

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20
Q

What is Receche

A

Third pressing required by law: 0-10% of the crop. Only used for distillate.

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21
Q

What is Bidule

A

Plastic capsule attached to crown cap to capture residue during Remuage

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22
Q

What is Sur Latte

A

Bottle stored horizontally during second fermentation

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23
Q

What is Sur Pointe

A

Bottle stored upside-down vertically before degorgement

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24
Q

What is Pointage/Poignetage

A

Brisk shake of bottle to prevent sediment from sticking inside

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25
What is Crayere
Chalk cellar
26
What is Agrafe
Metal clip used to secure bottle before capsule were invented
27
What is Muselet/Plaque de Muselet
Metal cage to secure the cork during bottling of Champagne
28
What is Debourbage
Settling
29
What is Vins Clairs
high-acid base wines, result of primary fermentation in Champagne.
30
What is Assemblage
Blending
31
What is Liqueur de Tirage
Mixture of still wine, yeast, sugar and fining agent to initiate second fermentation.
32
What is Prise de Mousse
Second fermentation
33
What is Remuage
Riddling
34
What is Liqueur d'expedition
Liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine. (Dosage)
35
Name the regions of Champagne
Montagne de Reims Vallee de la Marne Cote des Blancs Cote de Sezanne Cote des Bar (Aube)
36
Pinot Noir is the prominent grape in which region of Champagne?
Montagne de Reims Cote des Bar
37
Chardonnay is the prominent grape in which region of Champagne?
Cote de Sezanne Cote des Blancs
38
Pinot Munier is the prominent grape in which region in Champagne?
Vallee de la Marne
39
How many grand cru villages in Champagne?
17
40
How many premier cru villages in Champagne?
42
41
Name the grand cru villages in Montagne de Reims
Mailly Sillery Louvois Verzy Beaumont-sur-Vesle Ambonnay Verzenay Bouzy Puisieux Tour-sur-Marne
42
Name the grand cru villages in Cote des Blancs
Chouilly Oger Cramant Oiry Les Mesnil Sur Oger Avize (2C 2O 1L 1A)
43
Name the grand cru villages in Vallee de la Marne
Ay
44
Describe NM in Champagne
Negociant Manipulant Champagne house that purchases grapes or base wines from growers and other smaller houses.
45
Describe RM in Champagne
Recoltant Manipulant Grower-producer who makes Champagne from at least 95% estate-grown fruits.
46
Describe CM in Champagne
Cooperative Manipulant Growers' cooperative that produces wine under a single brand.
47
Describe RC in Champagne
Recoltant Cooperateur A grower whose grape are vinified at cooperative, but wines are sold under grower's own label.
48
Describe SR in Champagne
Societe de Recoltant A firm, not cooperative, who share resource to make their wines and market several brands.
49
Describe ND in Champagne
Negociant Distributeur Middleman company that distribute Champagne that it did not make.
50
Describe MA in Champagne
Marque d'Acheteur Buyer's own brand, large supermarket chain or restaurant that purchases Champagne and sell under its own label.
51
Prestige cuvee of Moet
Dom Perignon
52
Prestige cuvee of Veuve Clicquot
La Grand Dame
53
Prestige cuvee of Taittinger
Comtes de Champagne
54
Prestige cuvee of Louis Roederer
Cristal
55
Prestige cuvee of Laurent Perrier
Grand Siecle
56
Prestige cuvee of Perrier Jouet
Belle Epoque (US Market: Fleur de Champagne)
57
Prestige cuvee of Pol Roger
Sir Winston Churchill
58
Prestige cuvee of Ruinart
Dom Ruinart
59
Prestige cuvee of Billecart Salmon
Nicolas Francois Billecart Elizabeth Salmon Rose Louis Salmon BdB
60
Prestige cuvee of Bollinger
La Grande Annee RD Vieilles Vignes Francaises (VVF)
61
Prestige cuvee of Canard Duchene
Charles VII
62
Prestige cuvee of Boizel
Joyau de France
63
Prestige cuvee of Deutz
William Deutz/Amour de Deutz
64
Prestige cuvee of Diebolt Vallois
Fleur de Passion
65
Prestige cuvee of Drappier
Charles de Gaulle
66
Prestige cuvee of Duval Leroy
Femme de Champagne
67
Prestige cuvee of Gosset
Celebris
68
Prestige cuvee of Alfred Gratien
Cuvee Paradis
69
Prestige cuvee of Charles Heidsieck
Blanc de Millenaires
70
Prestige cuvee of Henriot
Cuvee des Enchanteleurs
71
Prestige cuvee of Jacquesson
Grand Vin Signature
72
Prestige cuvee of Lanson
Noble Cuvee
73
Prestige cuvee of Mumms
Cuvee R Lalou
74
Prestige cuvee of Bruno Paillard
Nec Plus Ultra
75
Prestige cuvee of Joseph Perrier
Cuvee Josephine
76
Prestige cuvee of Piper Heidsieck
Rare
77
Prestige cuvee of Pommery
Cuvee Louise
78
Prestige cuvee of Chartogne Taillet
Fiacre
79
Prestige cuvee of Guy Larmandier
Cramant Grand Cru Cuvee Prestige
80
Prestige cuvee of Jacques Selosse
Substance
81
Prestige cuvee of Vilmart & Cie
Coeur de Cuvee
82
Prestige cuvee of Nicolas Feuillatte
Palmes d'Or
83
Prestige cuvee of Jacquart
Cuvee Alpha
84
Name the 2 still wine AOP of Champagne
Coteaux Champenois AOP Rose des Riceys AOP
85
Describe the style and grapes of Coteaux Champenois AOP
Blanc, Rose and Rouge from Champagne grapes.
86
Describe the style and grapes of Rose des Riceys AOP
Rose made from 100% Pinot Noir in Les Riceys (a cru village in Aube) only.
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