Chap 33 Flashcards

Question

25. The term tinea refers to _________ infections

Answer 1

a. Lyme disease

Answer 2

a. Scabies

Answer 3

a. Abscess

Answer 4

a. Onychia

Answer 5

a. Folliculitis

Answer 6

a. Hyperhidrosis

Answer 7

a. Treatment of head and pubic lice is done with medicated shampoos or cream rinses containing lindane or pyrethrins. Dose and duration of shampoo treatment should be followed according to label instructions. Retreatment should occur 7 to 10 days after the initial treatment to assure that no eggs have survived. Nit combs are available to help remove nits from hair. Body lice treatment also requires the boiling and ironing of clothing.

Answer 8

a. Isolate the infected individual from other players, including athletic clothing and towels, to prevent the spread of the disease. Localized impetigo can be treated with mupirocin ointment applied to the skin three times a day. With diffuse or multiple areas of impetigo, refer to a physician. Systemic antibiotics may be indicated for 5 to 7 days.Gentle cleansing with soap and water will help to remove the crusts. Individuals with impetigo should not be allowed to participate until the crusts have dried to a thick, coagulated crust.

Answer 9

a. Use a sunscreen with an appropriate sun protection factor (SPF) for your skin type (preferably one with an SPF of 15 or higher) b. Apply sunscreen 20 to 30 minutes before exposure to the sun. c. Apply sunscreen evenly over all exposed skin to avoid isolated areas of sunburn. d. Reapply sunscreen every 2 to 4 hours, especially if sweating profusely. e. Select sunscreen that has a high rate of efficacy when subjected to moisture. f. Be careful when applying the sunscreen around the eyes. g. Sunscreen sprays work well for the top of the head; lip protectors also should be used. h. Avoid midday exposure to the sun (10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.). i. While in the sun, wear loose, woven, light, cotton clothing. j. Hats with brims are much better than caps or visors. k. Sunburn can occur on cloudy days, so sunscreen should be worn at all times. l. Be aware of the reflective photo-energy potential when around water or snow. m. Several medications (e.g., antibiotics, antiseptics, anesthetics, and certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) increase sensitivity to the sun. Read the instructions for use of any medications before sun exposure. If there are questions, consult a pharmacist or physician. n. Drink plenty of nonalcoholic beverages to prevent dehydration.

Answer 10

a. Shower after every practice and competition. b. After each shower, thoroughly dry the feet, groin, and areas between the toes as well as under the arms and breasts. c. Apply absorbent antifungal powder to the shoes, socks, feet, between the toes, under the arms and breast, and in the groin area. d. Change socks and underwear daily; allow wet shoes to dry thoroughly before wearing them. e. Wear street shoes that allow some ventilation to the feet. f. Clean and disinfect the floors in the shower room, dressing room, and athletic training room daily. g. Never go barefoot in a shower or locker room.

Answer 11

a. Wash the involved region four to five times daily and after physical exertion. b. Rinse all soap residue from the region and completely dry the area. With dry tinea infections, apply antifungal powder liberally before an exercise period. c. Apply topical antifungal agents, such as Halotex, Lotrimin, Mycelex, and Tinactin, twice daily for 1 month. d. If the condition does not clear up, see a physician to rule out candidiasis, dermatitis, psoriasis, or other skin disorders. e. In resistant infections, prescribed allylamines, such as terbinafine, butenafine, or naftifine, may be used twice daily for 2 to 4 weeks. f. Follow proper personal hygiene

Answer 12

a. Allergic dermatitis accounts for 20% to 30% of all contact dermatitis. Common agents that contribute to the condition include adhesive tape, rubber articles (e.g., straps, pads, swim goggles, swim fins, swim caps, shoes), tape adherent and remover, soap, detergent, and deodorant. Allergic dermatitis remains localized to the affected area, and is identified by dry vesicles accompanied by pain, erythema, and pruritic conditions. Heat, whether internal or external (e.g., hot bath), intensifies symptoms and accelerate the skin's reaction. Irritant dermatitis also presents with erythema, pruritus, pain, and swelling. It often occurs secondary to physical and mechanical agents, such as dry ice burns, abrasions from artificial turf, poorly fitted equipment that causes friction burns, striae (bands of thin wrinkled skin), or increased sweating between skinfolds (e.g., groin, under breast tissue), and during skin loss secondary to an application of a causative agent (adhesive tape). Diagnosis of either type of contact dermatitis relies on the history and distribution of the rash.

Answer 13

a. Prevention: i. Refrain from wearing bright, colorful, or floral clothing. ii. Refrain from using scented soaps, lotions, or aftershaves. b. After sustaining a bee sting: i. Immediately refrain from strenuous exercise. ii. Remove the stinger with a fingernail. Do not squeeze it, because this will inject more venom iii. Apply ice to the site. iv. Systemic antihistamines may help with local reactions. v. Observe closely for signs of anaphylactic shock: * Faintness, deteriorating consciousness, or other signs of shock * Generalized urticaria or edema * Paresthesia * Choking or signs of laryngeal edema * Wheezing, coughing, or difficulty breathing

Chap 33 Flashcards

(58 cards)