What is developmental psychology?
The scientific study of how people change physically, cognitively, and socially throughout life.
What are the main areas of development studied?
Physical, cognitive, and social development.
Who is Jean Piaget?
Psychologist who studied cognitive development in children.
What is Piaget’s sensorimotor stage?
Birth–2 years: learning through sensory experiences and motor actions; object permanence develops.
What is Piaget’s preoperational stage?
2–7 years: symbolic thinking develops, but thinking is egocentric and lacks conservation.
What is Piaget’s concrete operational stage?
7–11 years: logical thinking about concrete events; understanding of conservation and reversibility.
What is Piaget’s formal operational stage?
12+ years: abstract and hypothetical thinking develops.
What is object permanence?
The understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight.
What is egocentrism in cognitive development?
Difficulty in seeing the world from another person’s perspective.
What is conservation in Piaget’s theory?
Understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or appearance.
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
Psychologist emphasizing sociocultural influences on cognitive development.
What is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
The range between what a child can do alone and what they can do with help.
What is scaffolding in Vygotsky’s theory?
Support provided by a more knowledgeable other to help a learner achieve a task.
Who is Erik Erikson?
Psychologist known for psychosocial stages of development across the lifespan.
What is Erikson’s stage for infancy?
Trust vs. mistrust: developing a sense of security and attachment.
What is Erikson’s stage for toddlerhood?
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt: developing independence.
What is Erikson’s stage for early childhood?
Initiative vs. guilt: learning to take initiative and plan activities.
What is Erikson’s stage for middle childhood?
Industry vs. inferiority: developing competence and skills.
What is Erikson’s stage for adolescence?
Identity vs. role confusion: developing a sense of self and personal identity.
What is Erikson’s stage for young adulthood?
Intimacy vs. isolation: forming close relationships.
What is Erikson’s stage for middle adulthood?
Generativity vs. stagnation: contributing to society and guiding the next generation.
What is Erikson’s stage for late adulthood?
Integrity vs. despair: reflecting on life with satisfaction or regret.
What is attachment in development?
The emotional bond between an infant and caregiver.
Who is Mary Ainsworth?
Psychologist known for the “Strange Situation” experiment on attachment.
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chapter 152
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chapter 2 psychological research52
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chapt 3 Biological Bases of Behavior50
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chapter 4 states of conciousness49
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chap 5 sensation and perception50
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chapter 6 learning49
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chapter 7 cognition48
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chapter 8 memory49
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chapt 9 devlopment50
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chapter 10 motivation and emotion51
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chapter 11 personality47
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chapter 12 social psychology48
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chapter 13 Industrial/Organizational Psychology48
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chapter 14 stress health and coping48
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chapter 15 psychological disorders47
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chapter 16 therapy and treatment49
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16 review everyday life49
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final review day before clep67
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1 hr before test25
