Chapter 1

Question 1

A collection of components (software, hardware, processes, people).

Answer 1

System

Question 2

Designed to work together toward a specific goal.

Answer 2

System

Question 3

Subsystems combine to form a complete system.

Answer 3

System

Question 4

Definition: Combining different subsystems into one unified system.

Goal: Seamless operation and data sharing.

Answer 4

System Integration

Question 5

The structured design and organization of a system.

Shows how modules are arranged and interact.

Answer 5

System Architecture

Question 6

_)____ – connects systems at the same level using middleware (flexible & scalable).

Answer 6

Horizontal Integration

Question 7

____ – connects across hierarchy levels (operational → management → executive).

Answer 7

Vertical Integration

Question 8

____ – direct connections between all systems (messy if many).

Answer 8

Star / Spaghetti Integration

Question 9

___ – uses standardized format (JSON, XML) via middleware; most scalable.

Answer 9

Common Data Format / Middleware

Question 10

What are the types of System Integration

Answer 10

• Horizontal Integration
• Vertical Integration
• Star Integration
• Common data format / middleware

Question 11

What are the methods of integration

Answer 11

• point to point
• vertical
• star
• Common data format

Question 12

What are the project life cycle (phases)

Answer 12

• initiation
• planning
• execution
• monitoring & controlling
• closure

Question 13

What are the software process model

Answer 13

• waterfal
• incremental
• RAd
• Prototype
• Spiral
• Concurrent
• Agile

Question 14

It connects system that perform similar functions or operate at the same layer in an organization

Answer 14

Same Level Integration

Question 15

Uses middleware, API, or integration platform as a central point

Answer 15

Centralized Communication

Question 16

Share data seamlessly

Answer 16

Data Sharing

Question 17

New subsystem can be added without redesinging the system

Answer 17

Flexibility and scalability

Question 18

Integration happens between different functional layers

Answer 18

Layered approach

Question 19

information flows upward for decision-making and downward for commands or updates

Answer 19

Data flow

Question 20

often focuses on one specific process or department

Answer 20

Domain-specific

Question 21

Each system has its own separate link to every other system

Answer 21

Direct Connection

Question 22

Communication is established without a cnetral hub or middleware

Answer 22

Point to Point network

Question 23

When draw, it resembles a star

Answer 23

Looks like a star

Question 24

Define purpose, scope, feasibility. Deliverable: Project Charter)

Answer 24

Initiation

Question 25

Develop projec tplan, schedules, and budgets (Project plan)

Answer 25

Planning

Question 26

Perfom actual work (Product or service)

Answer 26

Execution

Question 27

Track progress, handle changes (Status reports

Answer 27

Monitoring & Controlling

Question 28

Finalize activies, handover, evaluate(Final Report)

Answer 28

CLosure

Question 29

A structured approach to plannig, designing, developing, tessting, deploying, and maintaining software

Answer 29

Software Development Life Cycle

Question 30

Sometimes called the classic life cycle, suggest a systematic, sequantial approach to software development

Answer 30

Waterfall

Question 31

Combines elements of linear and parallel proces flow Applies linear sequences in a staggered fashion as calendar time progresses

Answer 31

Incremental Process

Question 32

is a type of incremental model

Answer 32

RAD

Question 33

can quickly give the customes something to see and use and to provide feedback regarding the delivery and their requirements

Answer 33

RAD (Rapid Application Development)

Question 34

The basic idea here is that instead of freezing the requirements before a design or coding can proceed, a throwaway prototype is built to understand the requirements.

Answer 34

Prototype

Question 35

____ is an attractive idea for complicated and large systems for which there is no manual process or existing system to help determining the requirements.

Answer 35

Prototyping

Question 36

The ___ are usually not complete systems and many of the details are not built in the prototype.

Answer 36

prototype

Question 37

Who made Spiral Process Model

Answer 37

Barry Boehm

Question 38

is an evolutionary software process model that couples the iterative nature of prototyping with the controlled and systematic aspects of the waterfall model.

Answer 38

Spiral Model

Question 39

is a risk-driven process model generator that is used to guide multi- stakeholder concurrent engineering of software intensive systems.

Answer 39

Spiral Development

Question 40

One is a ___ for incrementally growing a system’s degree of definition and implementation while decreasing its degree of risk.

Answer 40

cyclic approach

Question 41

The other is a set of ____ for ensuring stakeholder commitment to feasible and mutually satisfactory system solutions.

Answer 41

anchor point milestones

Question 42

sometimes called concurrent engineering, allows a software team to represent iterative and concurrent elements of any of the process models.

Answer 42

Concurrent model

Question 43

is essentially a flexible, iterative, and customer-focused approach that values collaboration, working software, and adaptability over rigid planning and documentation.

Answer 43

Agile model