Chapter 1 + 2

Question 1

Define - ethics

Answer 1

the philosophical study of morality

Question 2

Define - morality

Answer 2

refers to beliefs concerning right and wrong, good-bad – beliefs that can include judgements, values, rules, principles, and theories

Question 3

Ethics is unavoidable, what do you give up when you choose not to do ethics

Answer 3

• undermines personal freedom
• increases the likelihood of moral dilemmas, and contradictions
• make your intellectual moral growth impossible
  -unable to efend your beilfs

Question 4

Define - Philosophy

Answer 4

the systematic use of critical reasoning to answer the most fundamental question in life

Question 5

Descriptive ethic –

Answer 5

the scientific study of moral beliefs and practices – how people actually behave and think

Question 6

Normative ethics –

Answer 6

the study of the principles, rules, theories that guide out actions and judgments

Question 7

metaethics –

Answer 7

the study of the meaning and logical structures of moral beilefs

Question 8

Applied ethics –

Answer 8

the study of the application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases

Question 9

What are the three branches of ethics

Answer 9

-normative ethics
-meta ethics
-applied ethics

Question 10

What does ethics require?

Answer 10

requires critical reasoning, reasons are evidence that are critical for good arguments

Question 11

Universalizability –

Answer 11

the idea that a moral statement (a principle, rule, or judgement) that applies in one situation must apply in all other situations that are relevantly similar

Question 12

impartiality –

Answer 12

“Unless there is a moral relevant difference between people, we should treat them the same”

Question 13

Dominance of moral norms –

Answer 13

Whenever moral principles or values conflict in some way with nonmoral principles or values, the moral consideration usually override that others

Question 14

What is the relationship between religion and ethics?

Answer 14

• Religious rules are vague; you must do ethics to apply them
• There are moral contradictions or inconsistencies; only moral reasoning can help resolve them
• To talk about ethics and morality with people of other relgions require a common set of ethical concepts, ethics allows for this

Question 15

What is the relation between religion and morality

Answer 15

Involves the divine command theory - the view that an action is obligatory if and only if God commands it. if God commands us to kill each other we wouldnt

Question 16

Objectiveism -

Answer 16

The view that “some moral norms or principles are valid for everyone - there can be exception though

Question 17

Absolutism -

Answer 17

the view that principles are rigid rules with no exceptions

Question 18

Cultural relativism –

Answer 18

The view that the morality of an action for a person is determined by thats persons cultue. morality is relative to culture

Question 19

Subjective relativism -

Answer 19

the view that the morality of an action for a person is determined by that person moraslity is relative to individuals

Question 20

Emotivism –

Answer 20

the view that moral utterances are neither true nor false but are expressions of emotion or attitudes

Question 21

Cognitivism -

Answer 21

the view that moral judgements ascribe more properties to such things as actions and people and they are therefore statements that can be true or false

Question 22

Noncognitivism -

Answer 22

denies that moral jugdments are statements that can be true or faluse they dont ascribe properties to anything