Chapter 10

Question 1

Crystaloid smaller (what is it)

Answer 1

• Dextrose
• Electrolytes

Question 2

Colloid large (what are these solutions)

Answer 2

• Protein
• Starch
• Used for patients with a lot of blood loss

Question 3

Isotonic solutions (What are they and what is an example of one)

Answer 3

• no exchange between cell and intravascular space
• like 0.9% normal saline
• Lactated ringer

Question 4

Hypotonic solutions (what are they and what is an example of one)

Answer 4

• pulling fluid into cell (hypoooooOOO gets bigger)
• 0.45% normal saline

Question 5

Hypertonic solutions (What are they and what is an example of one)

Answer 5

• Pulls fluid out of the cell
• Can be hard on veins
• Best used with venous access devices
• 3% normal saline

Question 6

What type of solutions are most common?

Answer 6

• PAGE 164
• isotonic solutions are the most common

Question 7

What are central venous access devices used in?

Answer 7

• For long term insertions where nutrition and nutrients are needed

Question 8

What is the most common type of needle used in IV’s

Answer 8

• 18 and 20 in adults (blood transfusions can be run through these)
• 22 and 24 in children

Question 9

What is the difference between tunnelled and non-tunnelled IV’s

Answer 9

• Non tunnelled are more for temporary use
• Tunnelled are for more long term needs
• Tunnelled go through the veins

Question 10

How many lumens can you have?

Answer 10

Up to 3

Question 11

What is an implanted port central venous access and why are they better?

Answer 11

• They can run larger volumes of fluid
• They can run 3% saline more safely
• They can be used for blood draws less invasively
• They can be used to monitor pressures

Question 12

What is interosseous access?

Answer 12

• A drill into the bone to give emergency medications

Question 13

What is IVP?

Answer 13

• Intravenous push

Question 14

What are signs of hypervalemia?

Answer 14

• Shortness of breath
• if their hands and feet get puffy
• JVD

Question 15

What does IV blown mean?

Answer 15

• it means the IV has left the vein

Question 16

What will you not see if the IV is in the vein?

Answer 16

• redness
• streaking
• swelling

Question 17

What are some signs of infection in an IV?

Answer 17

• Puffiness
• Puss
• Discharge

Question 18

Is it okay to use a line that has a blood clot?

Answer 18

• No that line can no longer be used

Question 19

What do you need to do with a central venous line before you administer?

Answer 19

• Pull back blood to make sure you are still in the vein

Question 20

What direction should the IV tape be pulled?

Answer 20

• Always with the IV direction towards the needle end

Question 21

What needs to be done to keep a vein open?

Answer 21

• There does need to be flow in order to keep the vein from closing up

Question 22

What is phlebitis?

Answer 22

• Where a vein becomes very red and puffy

Question 23

What is total parental nutrition and who is it prepared by?

Answer 23

• doctors and dieticians work together to create it but pharmacy mixes it while RNs administer it (IT IS ALMOST ALWAYS GIVEN THROUGH A CENTRAL ACCESS DEVICE)

Question 24

How often should TPN or lipid tubing be changed?

Answer 24

• Every 24 hours because bacteria can easily grow

Question 25

What solutions are hypotonic solutions?

Answer 25

- 0.5% saline - 0.33% saline - 0.25% saline

Question 26

What solutions are hypertonic solutions?

Answer 26

- 3% saline - 5% saline

Question 27

How many ml's are in one tsp?

Answer 27

- 5ml

Question 28

How many ml's are in one oz?

Answer 28

- 30ml